Ecologically rational strategy selection ; Ökologisch rationale Strategieselektion
Chapter 1 Introduction: The Goal and Contents of This Dissertation 1 ECOLOGICALLY RATIONAL HEURISTICS 2 ACT-R: A UNIFIED THEORY OF COGNITION 5 ORGANIZATION OF THE DISSERTATION 8 Chapter 2 Methodological Preliminaries 10 INTRODUCTION 10 OVERVIEW OF THE CHAPTER AND INTRODUCTORY DEFINITIONS 11 HOW TO SELECT BETWEEN FORMAL MODELS: A SHORT OVERVIEW 12 CONCLUSION 18 Chapter 3 How Memory Aids Strategy Selection 19 ABSTRACT 19 INTRODUCTION 19 HOW MEMORY AIDS STRATEGY SELECTION: THE HYPOTHESIS OF NON-OVERLAPPING COGNITIVE NICHES 21 JUDGMENTS FROM THE ACCESSIBILITY OF MEMORIES 22 THE ADAPTIVE TOOLBOX 23 OVERVIEW OF THE CHAPTER 25 AN ACT-R MODEL OF NON-OVERLAPPING COGNITIVE NICHES 26 OVERVIEW OF SIMULATION STUDIES 1 AND 2 33 HOW I CALIBRATED THE MODEL TO PREDICT MEMORY RETRIEVAL (SIMULATION STUDY 1) 33 TESTS OF THE TARTLE NICHE AND TARTLE–KNOWLEDGE NICHE HYPOTHESES (SIMULATION STUDY 2) 42 WHEN WOULD A PERSON USING THE FLUENCY HEURISTIC MAKE ACCURATE INFERENCES? (EXPERIMENTS 1–6; SIMULATION STUDIES 3, 4) 44 ACCURACY AS A DETERMINANT OF STRATEGY SELECTION (EXPERIMENT 7) 53 EFFORT AS A DETERMINANT OF STRATEGY SELECTION (EXPERIMENT 8) 58 TIME AS A DETERMINANT OF STRATEGY SELECTION (EXPERIMENT 9) 62 GENERAL DISCUSSION 67 CONCLUDING REMARKS: EMERGING COGNITIVE NICHES 72 Chapter 4 Models of Recognition-based Multi-alternative Inference 74 ABSTRACT 74 INTRODUCTION 74 GENERALIZING THE RECOGNITION HEURISTIC: ELIMINATION BY RECOGNITION 75 ALTERNATIVE MODELS OF INFERENCE: A COMPETITION 76 TOWARD A THEORY OF STRATEGY SELECTION BY DEFAULT 79 OVERVIEW OF THE EXPERIMENTS: RECOGNITION IN POLITICAL ELECTIONS 82 DO CONFLICTING CUES OVERRULE THE RELIANCE ON RECOGNITION? (EXPERIMENT 11; REANALYSIS OF EARLIER ELECTION STUDY) 83 GENERALIZING THE RECOGNITION HEURISTIC: HOW EPISODIC KNOWLEDGE AIDS USING RECOGNITION (EXPERIMENT 12) 89 IS A LACK OF KNOWLEDGE INFORMATIVE ABOUT THE PREDICTIVE ACCURACY OF RECOGNITION? (EXPERIMENT 13) 98 HOW WELL DO COMPENSATORY MODELS PREDICT INDIVIDUAL INFERENCES? (EXPERIMENT 14; REANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENT 7) 102 DO ...