Suchergebnisse

OBJETIVO: Estimar o custo direto da esquizofrenia para o setor público. MÉTODOS: O estudo foi realizado no Estado de São Paulo, no ano de 1998. Utilizaram-se dados da literatura e de institutos governamentais de pesquisa para estimar o número total de pacientes com esquizofrenia no Estado sob cobertura do Sistema Único de Saúde. Foi construída uma árvore de decisão mostrando a distribuição desses pacientes quanto ao nível de tratamento. Por meio de pesquisa em prontuários de alguns hospitais públicos e serviços ambulatoriais, documentou-se a utilização de recursos por esses pacientes no período de um ano. Foram atribuídos valores em Reais para esses recursos a fim de se calcular o custo direto total médico-hospitalar. RESULTADOS: Do total de pacientes, 81,5% estão sob cobertura do SUS e encontram-se assim distribuídos: 6,0% internados, 23,0% em tratamento ambulatorial e 71,0% sem tratamento regular. O custo direto total da esquizofrenia foi de R$222 milhões (US$191,781,327) (2,2% do total de gastos em saúde do Estado), sendo 11% destinados ao tratamento ambulatorial e 79,2% às internações psiquiátricas. CONCLUSÕES: A maior parte dos pacientes com esquizofrenia no Estado está sem tratamento regular. Os achados apontam para a necessidade de se investir em pesquisas que possam orientar uma melhor alocação de recursos no tratamento dos transtornos mentais no País. ; OBJECTIVE: To estimate the direct costs of schizophrenia for the public sector. METHODS: A study was carried out in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, during 1998. Data from the medical literature and governmental research bodies were gathered for estimating the total number of schizophrenia patients covered by the Brazilian Unified Health System. A decision tree was built based on an estimated distribution of patients under different types of psychiatric care. Medical charts from public hospitals and outpatient services were used to estimate the resources used over a one-year period. Direct costs were calculated by attributing monetary values for each resource used. RESULTS: Of all patients, 81.5% were covered by the public sector and distributed as follows: 6.0% in psychiatric hospital admissions, 23.0% in outpatient care, and 71.0% without regular treatment. The total direct cost of schizophrenia was US$191,781,327 (2.2% of the total health care expenditure in the state). Of this total, 11.0% was spent on outpatient care and 79.2% went for inpatient care. CONCLUSIONS: Most schizophrenia patients in the state of São Paulo receive no regular treatment. The study findings point out to the importance of investing in research aimed at improving the resource allocation for the treatment of mental disorders in Brazil.

Abstract Background Research evidence is essential to inform policies, interventions and programs, and yet research activities in mental and neurological (MN) health have been largely neglected, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Many challenges have been identified in the production and utilization of research evidence in Latin American countries, and more work is needed to overcome this disadvantageous situation. This study aims to address the situation by identifying initiatives that could improve MN health research activities and implementation of their results in the Latin American region. Methods Thirty-four MN health actors from 13 Latin American countries were interviewed as part of an initiative by the Global Forum for Health Research and the World Health Organization to explore the status of MN health research in low- and middle-income countries in Africa, Asia and Latin-America. Results A variety of recommendations to increase MN health research activities and implementation of their results emerged in the interviews. These included increasing skilled human resources in MN health interventions and research, fostering greater participation of stakeholders in the generation of research topics and projects, and engendering the interest of national and international institutions in important MN health issues and research methodologies. In the view of most participants, government agencies should strive to have research results inform the decision-making process in which they are involved. Thus these agencies would play a key role in facilitating and funding research. Participants also pointed to the importance of academic recognition and financial rewards in attracting professionals to primary and translational research in MN health. In addition, they suggested that institutions should create intramural resources to provide researchers with technical support in designing, carrying out and disseminating research, including resources to improve scientific writing skills. Conclusion Fulfillment of these recommendations would increase research production in MN health in Latin American countries. This, in turn, will raise the profile of these health problems, and consequently will underscore the need of continued high-quality and relevant research, thus fostering a virtuous cycle in the decision-making process to improve MN health care.

Objectives: Little is known about the prevalence and correlates of deliberate self-harm (DSH) in children from low- and middle-income countries. We investigated the prevalence of DSH and its clinical and maternal psychopathological associations in Brazilian children (n=2,508, ages 6-14y) in a community-based study. Methods: Participants of the High Risk Cohort Study for the Development of Childhood Psychiatric Disorders (HRC) and their mothers were assessed in structured interviews. Current (last month) and lifetime DSH were estimated, including analysis stratified by age groups. Logistic regressions were performed to investigate the role of the children's clinical diagnoses and maternal psychopathology on DSH prevalence estimates, adjusting for potential confounding factors. Results: The prevalence of current DSH was 0.8% (children 0.6%, adolescents 1%) and lifetime DSH was 1.6% (1.8% and 1.5%, respectively). Current and lifetime DSH were more frequent in children with depression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), even in multiple models accounting for demographic variables and co-occurring psychiatric disorders. Maternal anxiety disorder was strongly associated with current and lifetime DSH in offspring ; whereas current DSH, specifically in young children, was associated with maternal mood disorder. Conclusion: Diagnoses of depression, ADHD and ODD were consistently associated with DSH, as was having a mother with anxiety disorder. ; Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria do Desenvolvimento (INPD) ; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [573974/2008-0] ; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2008/57896-8] ; Brazilian government agency: CNPq ; Brazilian government agency: FAPESP ; Brazilian government agency: Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) ; Brazilian government agency: Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS) ; CNPq/CAPES Masters/PhD scholarships ; CNPq senior research scholarships [302463/2011-9] ; FAPERGS ; Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) ; CAPES ; CAPES/FAPERGS postdoctoral scholarship ; Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, HCPA, Secao Afeto Negat & Proc Sociais, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil ; Conselho Nacl Desenvolvimento Cient & Tecnol CNPq, INPD, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil ; Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Dept Psiquiatria, Programa Posgrad Psiquiatria & Ciencias Comportam, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil ; Univ Fed Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Psiquiatria, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil ; Univ Sao Paulo, Dept & Inst Psiquiatria, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil ; Univ Fed Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Psiquiatria, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil ; CNPq) [573974/2008-0] ; FAPESP [2008/57896-8] ; CNPq senior research scholarships [302463/2011-9] ; Web of Science

Background: Emotional Contagion Behavior (ECB), the synchronized expression of emotional symptoms among members of a group, has been observed globally. In Mozambique, there have been numerous reports of ECB in recent years. Since 2010 several girls from a secondary school in Maputo City, Mozambique exhibited ECB which involved repeated fainting spells, sometimes including verbal aggression and threats to colleagues and teachers. We conducted a study to analyze sociodemographic and clinical characteristics associated with ECB. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 154 females aged from 16 to 24 years old. We considered emotional contagion behavior as repeated fainting spells, sometimes including verbal aggression and threats to others (colleagues and teachers). Participants responded to a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Beck Anxiety Scale, and the revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ-R). Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models analyzed sociodemographic and clinical characteristics associated with EBC. Results: Among study participants, 57 presented ECB and 97 did not. The likelihood of ECB was higher among those with previous history of ECB (OR = 8.28, 95% CI [2.51, 27.30]; p ⩽ .001) and extroverted personality profile (OR = 1.15, 95% CI [1.01, 1.30]; p = .038). Having a romantic relationship was related to lower likelihood of having ECB (OR = 0.04, 95% CI [0.01, 0.19]; p = .001). Conclusions: These results suggest that ECB may repeat over time and be related to challenges pertaining to personality development, the presence of sexual life, and close relationships with peers faced by adolescent girls.