Assessment of intake of copper and lead by sheep grazing on a shooting range for small arms: a case study
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Volume 26, Issue 8, p. 7337-7346
ISSN: 1614-7499
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In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Volume 26, Issue 8, p. 7337-7346
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Volume 24, Issue 11, p. 10182-10196
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Annals of work exposures and health: addressing the cause and control of work-related illness and injury, Volume 67, Issue Supplement_1, p. i58-i58
ISSN: 2398-7316
Abstract
Air pollutions are shown to increase the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases and ischemic stroke. These effects imply an indirect exposure of secondary organs downstream of the respiratory system as the primary target of exposure. Mechanistic studies of air pollution on secondary organs have traditionally been performed on organ specific monocultures at submerged conditions. Direct exposure to organ specific cells secondary exposed to air pollution have the drawback that it does not imply realistic exposure conditions. In this study we have indirectly exposed organ specific cells to particulate matter via exposure of a bronchial lung model at the air liquid interphase (ALI). The lung model was exposed to a model diesel particle (DEP) and an equivalent dose of an acetone extract of the DEP. The DEP induced induction of IL-6 formation of which the DEP was more potent than the DEP extract. The DEP extract inhibited CXCL8 formation, which appeared contradictory since both the DEP and DEP-extract increased expression of CXCL8 mRNA. Our results showed a substantial increased expression of CyP1A1 and CyP1B1 in both epithelial and endothelial cells in the lung model of which no differences were observed between the DEP and DEP-extract. However, the solvent extract induced the CYPs with a higher potency in the secondary exposed HepG2 liver cells, probably due to faster permeation of dissolved substances in the DEP extract through the lung barrier. Thus, organ specific cell models can be combined to achieve a more realistic so-called body-specific model to study secondary effects.
In: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety: EES ; official journal of the International Society of Ecotoxicology and Environmental safety, Volume 135, p. 327-336
ISSN: 1090-2414
In: Annals of work exposures and health: addressing the cause and control of work-related illness and injury, Volume 67, Issue Supplement_1, p. i51-i52
ISSN: 2398-7316
Abstract
The prevalent application of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) has led to an extensive effort to develop tools facilitating their risk assessment and management. This interlaboratory trial (encompassing two laboratories) sought to investigate the genotoxic impact of ENMs using the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) forward mutation assay and in vitro cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN) assay, utilising harmonised protocols. In the CBMN assay, human lymphoblast (TK6) cells were exposed to zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO2) and tungsten carbide-cobalt (WC/Co) for 24-hours after which 1000 binucleated cells were scored for micronuclei (n=2). For the HPRT assay, TK6 and mouse fibroblast (V79) cells were exposed to ZnO, TiO2, WC/Co, CuO and Nanocyl-CNTs for 24-hours after which 600 wells were scored for point mutations (n=2). Significant cytotoxicity and micronuclei frequency was reported following ZnO exposure (20µg/ml). Significant micronuclei induction was reported following WC/Co exposures (2-fold over control, 100µg/ml). No significant mutagenicity was detected with ZnO or TiO2; both laboratories observed significant cytotoxicity following exposure to ZnO (20µg/ml; 37% reduction in cell viability). In the second interlaboratory trial CuO induced significant cytotoxicity (36% reduction in viability: 0.5µg/ml), and a 32-fold increase in mutagenicity. The Nanocyl induced a 6-fold increase in mutagenicity. The data generated here has shown good statistical concordance between laboratories and has highlighted a promising route forward in supporting risk decision making for ENMs. The authors would like to acknowledge this research has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program for the RiskGONE project, grant agreement #814425.
In: Food risk assess Europe, Volume 2, Issue 2
ISSN: 2940-1399
International audience ; Nanotechnologies have reached maturity and market penetration that require nano-specific changes in legislation and harmonization among legislation domains, such as the amendments to REACH for nano materials (NMs) which came into force in 2020. Thus, an assessment of the components and regulatory boundaries of NMs risk governance is timely, alongside related methods and tools, as part of the global efforts to optimise nanosafety and integrate it into product design processes, via Safe(r)-by-Design (SbD) concepts. This paper provides an overview of the state-of-the-art regarding risk governance of NMs and lays out the theoretical basis for the development and implementation of an effective, trustworthy and transparent risk gover nance framework for NMs. The proposed framework enables continuous integration of the evolving state of the science, leverages best practice from contiguous disciplines and facilitates responsive rethinking of nanosafety governance to meet future needs. To achieve and operationalise such framework, a science-based Risk Governance Council (RGC) for NMs is being developed. The framework will provide a toolkit for independent NMs' risk governance and integrates needs and views of stakeholders. An extension of this framework to relevant advanced materials and emerging technologies is also envisaged, in view of future foundations of risk research in Europe and globally.
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International audience ; Nanotechnologies have reached maturity and market penetration that require nano-specific changes in legislation and harmonization among legislation domains, such as the amendments to REACH for nano materials (NMs) which came into force in 2020. Thus, an assessment of the components and regulatory boundaries of NMs risk governance is timely, alongside related methods and tools, as part of the global efforts to optimise nanosafety and integrate it into product design processes, via Safe(r)-by-Design (SbD) concepts. This paper provides an overview of the state-of-the-art regarding risk governance of NMs and lays out the theoretical basis for the development and implementation of an effective, trustworthy and transparent risk gover nance framework for NMs. The proposed framework enables continuous integration of the evolving state of the science, leverages best practice from contiguous disciplines and facilitates responsive rethinking of nanosafety governance to meet future needs. To achieve and operationalise such framework, a science-based Risk Governance Council (RGC) for NMs is being developed. The framework will provide a toolkit for independent NMs' risk governance and integrates needs and views of stakeholders. An extension of this framework to relevant advanced materials and emerging technologies is also envisaged, in view of future foundations of risk research in Europe and globally.
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From Crossref journal articles via Jisc Publications Router ; History: epub 2020-07-23, issued 2020-07-23 ; Article version: VoR ; Publication status: Published ; Funder: European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program; Grant(s): 814425, 814572
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In: Isigonis , P , Afantitis , A , Antunes , D , Bartonova , A , Beitollahi , A , Bohmer , N , Bouman , E , Chaudhry , Q , Cimpan , M R , Cimpan , E , Doak , S , Dupin , D , Fedrigo , D , Fessard , V , Gromelski , M , Gutleb , A C , Halappanavar , S , Hoet , P , Jeliazkova , N , Jomini , S , Lindner , S , Linkov , I , Longhin , E M , Lynch , I , Malsch , I , Marcomini , A , Mariussen , E , de la Fuente , J M , Melagraki , G , Murphy , F , Neaves , M , Packroff , R , Pfuhler , S , Puzyn , T , Rahman , Q , Pran , E R , Semenzin , E , Serchi , T , Steinbach , C , Trump , B , Vrcek , I V , Warheit , D , Wiesner , M R , Willighagen , E & Dusinska , M 2020 , ' Risk Governance of Emerging Technologies Demonstrated in Terms of its Applicability to Nanomaterials ' , Small , vol. 16 , no. 36 , 2003303 . https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202003303
Nanotechnologies have reached maturity and market penetration that require nano-specific changes in legislation and harmonization among legislation domains, such as the amendments to REACH for nanomaterials (NMs) which came into force in 2020. Thus, an assessment of the components and regulatory boundaries of NMs risk governance is timely, alongside related methods and tools, as part of the global efforts to optimise nanosafety and integrate it into product design processes, via Safe(r)-by-Design (SbD) concepts. This paper provides an overview of the state-of-the-art regarding risk governance of NMs and lays out the theoretical basis for the development and implementation of an effective, trustworthy and transparent risk governance framework for NMs. The proposed framework enables continuous integration of the evolving state of the science, leverages best practice from contiguous disciplines and facilitates responsive re-thinking of nanosafety governance to meet future needs. To achieve and operationalise such framework, a science-based Risk Governance Council (RGC) for NMs is being developed. The framework will provide a toolkit for independent NMs' risk governance and integrates needs and views of stakeholders. An extension of this framework to relevant advanced materials and emerging technologies is also envisaged, in view of future foundations of risk research in Europe and globally.
BASE
From Crossref via Jisc Publications Router ; History: epub 2020-07-23, issued 2020-07-23 ; Article version: VoR ; Funder: European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program; Grant(s): 814425, 814572
BASE
From Crossref via Jisc Publications Router ; History: epub 2020-07-23, issued 2020-07-23 ; Article version: VoR ; Funder: European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program; Grant(s): 814425, 814572
BASE
Nanotechnologies have reached maturity and market penetration that require nano‐specific changes in legislation and harmonization among legislation domains, such as the amendments to REACH for nanomaterials (NMs) which came into force in 2020. Thus, an assessment of the components and regulatory boundaries of NMs risk governance is timely, alongside related methods and tools, as part of the global efforts to optimise nanosafety and integrate it into product design processes, via Safe(r)‐by‐Design (SbD) concepts. This paper provides an overview of the state‐of‐the‐art regarding risk governance of NMs and lays out the theoretical basis for the development and implementation of an effective, trustworthy and transparent risk governance framework for NMs. The proposed framework enables continuous integration of the evolving state of the science, leverages best practice from contiguous disciplines and facilitates responsive re‐thinking of nanosafety governance to meet future needs. To achieve and operationalise such framework, a science‐based Risk Governance Council (RGC) for NMs is being developed. The framework will provide a toolkit for independent NMs' risk governance and integrates needs and views of stakeholders. An extension of this framework to relevant advanced materials and emerging technologies is also envisaged, in view of future foundations of risk research in Europe and globally.
BASE
Nanotechnologies have reached maturity and market penetration that require nano‐specific changes in legislation and harmonization among legislation domains, such as the amendments to REACH for nanomaterials (NMs) which came into force in 2020. Thus, an assessment of the components and regulatory boundaries of NMs risk governance is timely, alongside related methods and tools, as part of the global efforts to optimise nanosafety and integrate it into product design processes, via Safe(r)‐by‐Design (SbD) concepts. This paper provides an overview of the state‐of‐the‐art regarding risk governance of NMs and lays out the theoretical basis for the development and implementation of an effective, trustworthy and transparent risk governance framework for NMs. The proposed framework enables continuous integration of the evolving state of the science, leverages best practice from contiguous disciplines and facilitates responsive re‐thinking of nanosafety governance to meet future needs. To achieve and operationalise such framework, a science‐based Risk Governance Council (RGC) for NMs is being developed. The framework will provide a toolkit for independent NMs' risk governance and integrates needs and views of stakeholders. An extension of this framework to relevant advanced materials and emerging technologies is also envisaged, in view of future foundations of risk research in Europe and globally. ; This study received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 814425 (RiskGONE) and No 814572 (NanoSolveIT). ; Peer reviewed
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