The economy of the earth: philosophy, law, and the environment
In: Cambridge studies in philosophy and public policy
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In: Cambridge studies in philosophy and public policy
Mark Sagoff draws on the last twenty years of debate over the foundations of environmentalism in this comprehensive revision of The Economy of the Earth. Posing questions pertinent to consumption, cost-benefit analysis, the normative implications of neo-Darwinism, the role of the natural in national history, and the centrality of the concept of place in environmental ethics, he analyses social policy in relation to the environment, pollution, the workplace, and public safely and health. Sagoff distinguishes ethical from economic questions and explains which kinds of concepts, arguments, and processes are appropriate to each. He offers a critique 'preference' and 'willingness to pay' as measures of value in environmental economics and defends political, cultural, aesthetic, and ethical reasons to protect the natural environment
Mark Sagoff has written an engaging and provocative book about the contribution economics can make to environmental policy. Sagoff argues that economics can be helpful in designing institutions and processes through which people can settle environmental disputes. However, he contends that economic analysis fails completely when it attempts to attach value to environmental goods. It fails because preference-satisfaction has no relation to any good. Economic valuation lacks data because preferences cannot be observed. Willingness to pay is benchmarked on market price and thus may reflect producer cost not consumer benefit. Moreover, economists cannot second-guess market outcomes because they have no better information than market participants. Mark Sagoff's conclusion is that environmental policy turns on principles that are best identified and applied through political processes. Written with verve and fluency, this book will be eagerly sought out by students and professionals in environmental policy as well as informed general readers
In: CSEP module series in applied ethics
In: Synthese: an international journal for epistemology, methodology and philosophy of science, Band 193, Heft 9, S. 3003-3024
ISSN: 1573-0964
In: Social philosophy & policy, Band 26, Heft 2, S. 26-52
ISSN: 1471-6437
This paper argues that the occurrence of a non-native species, such as purple loosestrife, on one's property does not constitute a nuisance in the context of background principles of common law. No one is injured by it. The control of non-native species, such as purple loosestrife, does not constitute a compelling public interest, moreover, but represents primarily the concern of an epistemic community of conservation biologists and ecologists. This paper describes a history of cases in agricultural law that establish that a public authority may enter private property to destroy a tree or other species but only to protect a compelling public interest, such as the apple industry in Virginia or the citrus industry in Florida, and only if it pays all the costs including just compensation. The paper argues a fortiori that if a public authority enters private property to control non-native or "invasive" species it must pay all the costs and indemnify the owner—contrary to what many state laws contemplate and the Environmental Law Institute recommends.
In: Politics and the life sciences: PLS ; a journal of political behavior, ethics, and policy, Band 21, Heft 1, S. 19-25
ISSN: 1471-5457
Economic considerations typically have led societies to develop rather than to preserve wild and natural places. Accordingly, preservationists traditionally have based arguments for protecting nature on its intrinsic rather than instrumental worth. These traditional arguments rest on aesthetic, moral, and spiritual rather than on economic values. Today, though, many environmentalists point to the preservation of nature's "services" as the reason to protect ecosystems from conscious manipulation or careless degradation. Many cite a decision by New York City to spend over $1 billion to purchase land in the Catskills watershed to secure or restore the capacity of the natural ecosystem to purify the City's water supply. This essay questions the validity of this example and, in turn, the generalizability of the thesis it has widely been thought to support.
In: The Good Society: a PEGS journal, Band 11, Heft 3, S. 95-96
ISSN: 1538-9731
In: Politics and the life sciences: PLS, Band 21, Heft 1, S. 19-25
ISSN: 0730-9384
In: Environmental management: an international journal for decision makers, scientists, and environmental auditors, Band 20, Heft 6, S. 897-911
ISSN: 1432-1009
In: Critical review: a journal of politics and society, Band 8, Heft 3, S. 467-473
ISSN: 1933-8007
In: Critical review: a journal of politics and society, Band 6, Heft 2-3, S. 211-230
ISSN: 1933-8007
In: Journal of policy analysis and management: the journal of the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management, Band 4, Heft 3, S. 433
ISSN: 1520-6688
In: Journal of policy analysis and management: the journal of the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management, Band 4, Heft 3, S. 433
ISSN: 0276-8739