Suchergebnisse

The effect of "the Thaw" which began in the Soviet Union with Stalin's death in 1953 has been to improve quality and effectiveness in the mass media rather than to relinquish a degree of control or to grant a wider range of expression. But the media have been brightened and have more mass appeal.

An analysis of the amounts & kinds of foreign news carried in the prestige papers of the US & South Amer attempting to determine the volume & categories of foreign news, the proportional allocation of foreign news on a day-to-day basis among the major world areas, & to make a cross-cultural comparison of foreign news treatment by the US press with that of the press in selected South Amer countries. It was assumed that the distribution of foreign news would indicate the relative values assigned to it by Ed's & correspondents & that the quantity & kind of newspaper coverage given to diff world areas would constitute an index of maximum reader exposure. A sample of 30 week days was drawn from the calendar for the 3-month period beginning Jan 1 & ending Mar 31, 1959. 15 papers for the dates sampled were analyzed. News pertaining to the following 6 world areas was measured & classified: the US in the South Amer press); South Amer (in the US press), Western Europe, the Middle East, the USSR & its Eastern European satellites, & China. A 6th category was assigned to internat'l news. The New York Times foreign news for the same period was analyzed for comparative purposes. The 7 South Amer dailies published a daily (mean - average) of 133 column inches of foreign news pertaining to the 6 world areas. The 7 US dailies published a (mean - average) of 62 column inches daily, & The New York Times published 219 column inches each each day. The South Amer newspapers published an R of 50 column inches of news daily about the US, while the US newspapers published an (mean - average) of 2.5 column inches a day about all of South Amer. South Amer papers published 1 more column each day of news of other world areas (in addition to that from the US) than the US papers. The latter gave more attention (45.2%) to news of Western Europe &the USSR (37.0%). Communist China received the least amount of space in both. %'s to the contrary, volume measures showed that South Amer readers were exposed to almost 2x the amount of news from Western Europe that US readers were. Circulation size was found to bear a moderately positive relationship to the volume of foreign news carried by US newspapers, but a moderately negative relationship to the volume carried by South Amer newspapers; rank diff coefficients between circulation size & volume of foreign news were +.36 for the former & -.35 for the latter. (mean - average) number of pp & column inches of foreign news showed a more definite relationship, the coefficients being +.57 for the US papers & +.81 for the South Amer papers. The (mean - average) number of pages published daily by the US papers was about double that of the South Amer papers (50 to 27 pages). Despite diff's among individual newspapers there was a striking similarity in the relative proportions of coverage by world areas & by subject matter suggesting 2 determinants: (1) the similarity in the way the news was reported, & (2) the existence of common or similar definitions of news values. AA.

A survey of journalism school offerings in the field of international communications shows 30 schools giving such instruction and 11 more planning to do so in the future. Professor Markham, head of the Department of News at Pennsylvania State University, analyzes the answers of 83 Schools.

A comparison of attitudes of Filipino and Indian students in the U.S. toward the mass media supports a general hypothesis that the media are many things to many people.

A survey shows papers serve English-speaking elites of 100,000 population cities. Professionally experienced and politically independent editors hold college degrees and are heavily involved in community affairs.

In this conceptual article the author, who has studied mass communication factors in urban slums, advances four propositions concerning media roles as intervening variables.

Newspapers are now better produced technically, show greater editorial competence and responsibility; greatest needs are for regional mass media systems to integrate formal media with informal communication.

In this study of Colombian latifundistas Q factor analysis yielded six decision typologies. Data support the hypothesis that information seeking is highly related to problem solving among entrepreneur types.

The mass media as agents of socialization have come to fill quite different roles in these two Asian nations with common cultural roots in the traditions of the family and Confucianism.