Suchergebnisse

This PhD thesis presents a history of innovating convertors using renewable energies (tidals, waves, wind, sun, ocean thermic energy, geothermy) between 1880 and 1990 in colonial and post-colonial France. The evolution of these converters is studied in a technical (types of converters) and political (stakeholders, concerns and means of action) perspective. This approach leads to the understanding of the projects' articulation with technological and energy systems in various territories, in their political, technical, economical, social and environmental dimensions. It underlines the momentum of these systems and their influence on the conception and materialisation of renewable energy converters. The technical imagination carried by the thermo-industrial civilisation, that requires from convertors steadiness, power and delocalisation, and the construction of a national energy system, lead projets toward a declining number of technical solutions. Convertors hardly find their place in the energy system because of their thermo-industrial qualities that always remain worse than fossil and nuclear converters' ones. These assessments depend on the energy sources, the territories and the periods. Four periods, characterized by a set of stakeholders and types of converters, are proposed : (1880-1918);(1919-1939) ;(1940-1970) ; (1970-1990). The thesis' plan follows this chronology. ; Cette thèse propose une histoire des projets de convertisseurs innovants exploitant les énergies renouvelables (marées, vagues et houle, vent, soleil, énergie thermique des mers, géothermie) entre 1880 et 1990 dans la France coloniale et post-coloniale. Elle étudie l'évolution de ces convertisseurs d'un point de vue technique (types de convertisseurs) et politique (acteurs, enjeux et moyens d'action). Cette approche permet d'étudier l'articulation des projets avec les systèmes techniques et énergétiques des différents territoires dans leurs dimensions politiques, techniques, économiques, sociales et environnementales. Elle met en évidence ...

This PhD thesis presents a history of innovating convertors using renewable energies (tidals, waves, wind, sun, ocean thermic energy, geothermy) between 1880 and 1990 in colonial and post-colonial France. The evolution of these converters is studied in a technical (types of converters) and political (stakeholders, concerns and means of action) perspective. This approach leads to the understanding of the projects' articulation with technological and energy systems in various territories, in their political, technical, economical, social and environmental dimensions. It underlines the momentum of these systems and their influence on the conception and materialisation of renewable energy converters. The technical imagination carried by the thermo-industrial civilisation, that requires from convertors steadiness, power and delocalisation, and the construction of a national energy system, lead projets toward a declining number of technical solutions. Convertors hardly find their place in the energy system because of their thermo-industrial qualities that always remain worse than fossil and nuclear converters' ones. These assessments depend on the energy sources, the territories and the periods. Four periods, characterized by a set of stakeholders and types of converters, are proposed : (1880-1918);(1919-1939) ;(1940-1970) ; (1970-1990). The thesis' plan follows this chronology. ; Cette thèse propose une histoire des projets de convertisseurs innovants exploitant les énergies renouvelables (marées, vagues et houle, vent, soleil, énergie thermique des mers, géothermie) entre 1880 et 1990 dans la France coloniale et post-coloniale. Elle étudie l'évolution de ces convertisseurs d'un point de vue technique (types de convertisseurs) et politique (acteurs, enjeux et moyens d'action). Cette approche permet d'étudier l'articulation des projets avec les systèmes techniques et énergétiques des différents territoires dans leurs dimensions politiques, techniques, économiques, sociales et environnementales. Elle met en évidence ...