Suchergebnisse

Rethinking the religious and the political in Africa -- Rupture, redemption, and the history of the present -- Revival and the postcolonial crisis of government -- God's subjects -- Born-again ethics and the spirits of the political economy -- The politics of conviction

Véritable architecte de l'intervention militaire et diplomatique en Côte d'Ivoire, la France s'est trouvée doublement piégée. Seul pays désireux d'intervenir, elle s'est vue bloquée par l'incapacité de la communauté internationale – et en premier lieu africaine – de multilatéraliser la gestion de la crise, et, surtout, elle a été rattrapée par son lourd héritage postcolonial et par son incapacité à rompre avec une vision sclérosée du continent. En Côte d'Ivoire, la montée du courant nationaliste, en gestation depuis des décennies et nourri par la crise économique et le processus de démocratisation, ne pouvait que s'amplifier avec cette intervention.

In its position of architect and leader of the peace-process, France found itself doubly trapped. While France was the only country with the will to intervene, its capacity to act was hobbled by the failure of the international, and in particular the African community to build a truly multilateral intervention. Moreover, France was handicapped by its heavy post-colonial heritage and its incapacity to break with a sclerotic vision of the continent. From the Ivorian point of view, the rise of an ultra-nationalist tendancy, already in gestation for decades, and nourished by the economic crisis and process of democratisation, could only exacerbated by the French intervention. (Polit afr/DÜI)

Welchen Hintergrund hat das starke Anwachsen christlicher Bewegungen in Nigeria? Ist es eine spezifische Form der Kultur- und Werteinfiltration aus den USA? Diese Fragen versucht der Autor durch eine Untersuchung des sozialen Ansatzes von christlichen Bewegungen im Süden Nigerias zu beantworten. Ein Teil ihres Erfolges ist darauf zurückzuführen, daß Glaubensbewegungen Quelle für ein kollektives Selbstverständnis sind, das zu sozialer Transformation ermutigt. Religiöse Vereinigungen bieten darüber hinaus autonome Strukturen und Institutionalisierung an. Hierin liegt die Basis ihrer gesellschaftspolitischen Macht und ihrer Attraktivität für unterprivilegierte Gruppen. (DÜI-Spl)

One of the remarkable recent trends in Nigeria has been the rise to religious and social prominence of the 'charismatic' or 'Pentecostal' Christian movement. In little more than a decade, thousands of new churches and evangelical groups have cropped up in the cities and towns of the south. Those established earlier, either by US and British missionaries or Nigerians, are experiencing an unprecedented revival. While research continues on the dizzying multitude of 'indigenous' new religious movements, still focused for the large part on the 'Aladura' churches of western Nigeria, very little has appeared in the literature on this new wave of Christian churches. Because of the strong links between these churches and their US or British brethren, as well as the marked increase of this type of Christianity throughout the continent, many scholars and religious leaders are tempted to view the rise of these churches solely from the point of view of their foreign origins and connections. Although the concern often expressed about the infiltration of what is seen as a pernicious US doctrine serving as a vehicle for the promotion of the 'New Religious Right's' political agenda for the continent may be justified in some contexts, in the southern cities of Nigeria, the 'politics' of these churches are of a different sort.

« Le miracle est à la théologie ce que l'État d'exception est à la politique. » Religion de convertis aux accents apocalyptiques, le pentecôtisme peut aussi bien accompagner la prospérité économique que réparer les malheurs du corps et de l'esprit.

Abstract
Pre-employment screening to assess for psychological vulnerability is common in trauma-exposed occupations such as policing. However, the ability of such screening to predict those at increased risk of subsequent mental health problems has been questioned. The present study sought to investigate the ability of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) to predict absenteeism related to psychological injury in police officers. Pre-employment screening data from 1,399 sworn police officers was linked to organizational records. A total of 150 police officers who had taken at least 2 weeks' sick leave with work-related mental health concerns were matched to 150 healthy controls. Conditional logistic regression was used to examine any association between MMPI-2 scales and psychological injury-related absenteeism. We found no evidence that elevations in the pre-employment MMPI-2 scores of police recruits were associated with an increased chance of future absenteeism as a result of psychological injury (P > 0.05). In addition, there was no evidence of an increased likelihood of psychological injury-related absenteeism among those with a higher number of positive pre-employment risk factors (P = 0.09). While the MMPI-2 may be able to predict different outcomes among police officers, it is important to note that based on these results, the MMPI-2, if used at pre-employment, is not able to predict later psychological injury-related absenteeism.