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In: Data & policy, Band 4
ISSN: 2632-3249
Abstract
Digital identity systems are promoted with the promise of great benefit and inclusion. The case of the Ugandan digital identity system demonstrates that the impact of digital identity systems is not only positive but also has negative impacts, significantly affecting human lives for the worse. The impact on the human lives of digital identity systems can be assessed by multiple frameworks. A specific framework that has been mentioned is the capabilities approach (CA). This article demonstrates that the CA is a framework to assess the impact on human lives that can be operationalized for technology and information and communication technology, including digital identity systems. Further research is required to compare the CA with other candidate evaluation frameworks.
In: Air & space power journal, Band 23, Heft 3, S. 42-49
In: Oudtestamentische studiën 49
In: Oudtestamentische studiën 49
In: Tijdschrift voor arbeidsvraagstukken, Band 23, Heft 1
ISSN: 2468-9424
In: Behaviormetrika, Band 46, Heft 1, S. 49-72
ISSN: 1349-6964
In: Behaviormetrika, Band 44, Heft 2, S. 513-534
ISSN: 1349-6964
In: Risk analysis: an international journal, Band 14, Heft 3, S. 321-326
ISSN: 1539-6924
Long recognized as a normal component of organogenesis during development, apoptosis (programmed cell death) has recently been implicated in alterations of cell growth and differentiation. Tissue homeostasis is normally maintained by a balance between cell division and cell death, with apoptosis often functioning in complement to cell growth. Thus, antithetical parallels in chemical carcinogenesis can be drawn between apoptosis and the proliferative events more commonly addressed. While enhanced cell replication may contribute to an increased frequency of mutation, apoptosis within a tissue may counteract chemical carcinogenesis through loss of mutated cells. Many strong carcinogens act as tumor promoters, selectively expanding an initiated cell population advantageously over surrounding cells. Similarly, chemicals with a selective inhibition of apoptosis within an initiated population would offer a growth advantage. In contrast, chemicals causing selective apoptosis of initiated cells would be expected to have an anticarcinogenic effect. Selective apoptosis, in concert with cell‐specific replication, may explain the unique promoting effects of different carcinogens such as the peroxisome‐proliferating chemicals, phenobarbital, and 2,3,7,8‐tetrachloro‐dibenzo‐p‐dioxin (TCDD). Cell turnover, both cell growth and cell death, is central to the process of chemically induced carcinogenesis in animals and understanding its impact is a critical determinant of the relevance of chemically induced effects to man.
In: Family relations, Band 35, Heft 3, S. 357
ISSN: 1741-3729
In: Statistica Neerlandica: journal of the Netherlands Society for Statistics and Operations Research, Band 72, Heft 1, S. 4-13
ISSN: 1467-9574
Pearson's correlation is one of the most common measures of linear dependence. Recently, Bernardo (11th International Workshop on Objective Bayes Methodology, 2015) introduced a flexible class of priors to study this measure in a Bayesian setting. For this large class of priors, we show that the (marginal) posterior for Pearson's correlation coefficient and all of the posterior moments are analytic. Our results are available in the open‐source software package JASP.
In: Statistica Neerlandica: journal of the Netherlands Society for Statistics and Operations Research, Band 73, Heft 3, S. 351-372
ISSN: 1467-9574
We propose to use the squared multiple correlation coefficient as an effect size measure for experimental analysis‐of‐variance designs and to use Bayesian methods to estimate its posterior distribution. We provide the expressions for the squared multiple, semipartial, and partial correlation coefficients corresponding to four commonly used analysis‐of‐variance designs and illustrate our contribution with two worked examples.
In: Communications in statistics. Simulation and computation, Band 45, Heft 5, S. 1499-1510
ISSN: 1532-4141
In: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Band 18, Heft 9, S. 565-573
To examine whether HPA-axis activity mediates the relationship between obstetric complications (OCs) and externalizing behavior problems, and to investigate whether this model is different for boys and girls. In a population-based cohort of 1,768 10- to 12-year-old early adolescents, we assessed the cortisol awakening response and evening cortisol levels. Externalizing behavior problems were assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist and the Youth Self-Report. OCs were retrospectively assessed in a parent interview. OCs significantly predicted externalizing behavior problems, but OCs did not predict HPA-axis activity. Thus, the mediation model was not supported. In addition to the relationship between HPA-axis activity and externalizing behavior problems, which is specific for girls, there is also a relationship between OCs and externalizing behavior problems. However, these two mechanisms are not related to each other indicating that HPA-axis activity is not a mediator in the relationship between OCs and externalizing behavior problems. Future research should focus on understanding the mechanism through which OCs cause externalizing behavior problems.