Suchergebnisse

The subject of the article are the views of Zygmunt Cybichowski (1879–1946), professor of law at the University of Warsaw, on Italian fascism and German National Socialism. This Polish lawyer made a very interesting analysis of totalitarian systems. He was a supporter of the national method of interpreting law. He defined law as a product of the living conditions in a given country, "exclusive" to the solutions adopted in this field in other countries. He argued that the law cannot be invented, but only discovered through the exploration of specific living conditions. In his opinion, not all the law is to be found in the codes, so one should get to know a nation well to discover its laws. Cybichowski, as a supporter of the national-radical movement, looked at the German social and political transformations in the Third Reich with great sympathy. He was impressed by Adolf Hitler.

Adolf Kliszewicz (born 1879) was one of the leading publicists of the Second Polish Republic connected with the Christian-conservative trend. He was a publicist for many conservative magazines, including Przegląd Powszechny, Nasza Przyszłość or Ateneum Kapłańskie. The article concerns views of Adolf Kliszewicz on the doctrine and political system of Bolshevism. It should be noted that Kliszewicz based his analysis of Russian communist thought on the background of political tendencies that began to dominate in Europe. For him, Italian fascism and German national socialism were the reference point for reflections on Bolshevism. Additionally, the Polish journalist saw in the Russian communist doctrine the great danger of national and state existence. Radical socialism, as he treated Bolshevism, was an expression of the perversion of man and his enslavement by materialistic ideology.