Suchergebnisse

In a previous study I was led to hold that the tablets PY Sn64 and An2l8, in spite of their classificatory prefixes, are t he parts of a single document dealing with an allotment of land to military men. as it was apparent both from the interpretation of the ideograms ZE and *iji as units of area and the identification of t he largest part of the individuals. Before proceeding further, it will be useful to restate the interpretation I proposed, with several further precisions.

First order Lagrangians for the Weyl invariant formulation of unimodular gravity are proposed. Several alternatives are examined; in some of them, first and second order are equivalent in a certain gauge only ; This work has been partially supported by the European Union FP7 ITN INVISIBLES (Marie Curie Actions, PITN- GA-2011- 289442) and (HPRN-CT-200-00148), COST action MP1405 (Quantum Structure of Spacetime), COST action MP1210 (The String Theory Universe) as well as by FPA2012-31880 (MINECO, Spain) and S2009ESP-1473 (CA Madrid). The authors acknowledge the support of the Spanish MINECO Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa Programme under grant SEV-2012-0249

The symmetries of unimodular gravity are clarified somewhat. ; It has been partially supported by the European Union FP7 ITN INVISIBLES (Marie Curie Actions, PITNGA-2011- 289442) and (HPRN-CT-200-00148); COST action MP1405 (Quantum Structure of Spacetime), COST action MP1210. 123018-3 FPA2012-31880 (MICINN, Spain), FPA2014-54154-P (MICINN, Spain), and S2009ESP-1473 (CA Madrid). This project has received funding from the European Union' s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 690575. This project has also received funding from the European Union' s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 674896. The authors acknowledge the support of the Spanish MINECO Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa program under Grant No. SEV-2012-0249

It is well known that the problem of the cosmological constant appears in a new light in unimodular gravity. In particular, the zero-momentum piece of the potential does not automatically produce a corresponding cosmological constant. Here we show that quantum corrections do not renormalize the classical value of this observable ; This work has been partially supported by the European Union FP7 ITN INVISIBLES (Marie Curie Actions, PITN- GA-2011- 289442, and HPRN-CT-200-00148) as well as by FPA2012-31880 (MICINN, Spain), FPA2011-24568 (MICINN, Spain), S2009ESP-1473 (CA Madrid), and COST Action MP1210 (The String Theory Universe). The authors acknowledge the support of the Spanish MINECO Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa Program under Grant No. SEV-2012-0249

9 pags., 4 figs., 6 tabs. ; We present the first detection of complex aldehydes and isomers in three typical molecular clouds located within 200 pc of the center of our Galaxy. We find very large abundances of these complex organic molecules (COMs) in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ), which we attribute to the ejection of COMs from grain mantles by shocks. The relative abundances of the different COMs with respect to that of CH3OH are strikingly similar for the three sources, which are located in very different environments in the CMZ. The similar relative abundances point toward a unique grain mantle composition in the CMZ. Studying the Galactic center clouds and objects in the Galactic disk having large abundances of COMs, we find that more saturated molecules are more abundant than the nonsaturated ones. We also find differences between the relative abundance between COMs in the CMZ and the Galactic disk, suggesting different chemical histories of the grain mantles between the two regions in the Galaxy for the complex aldehydes. Different possibilities for the grain chemistry on the icy mantles in the GC clouds are briefly discussed. Cosmic rays can play an important role in the grain chemistry. With these new detections, the molecular clouds in the Galactic center appear to be one of the best laboratories for studying the formation of COMs in the Galaxy. © 2008. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. ; This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia under projects AYA 2003-02785, ESP 2004-00665, ESP 2007-65812-C02-01 and ''Comunidad de Madrid'' Government under PRICIT project S-0505/ESP-0237 (ASTROCAM). The participation of M.Morris in this project was supported by NSF award INT-0340750 to UCLA ; Peer Reviewed

One of the proposed scenarios for the origin of life is the primordial RNA world, which considers that RNA molecules were likely responsible for the storage of genetic information and the catalysis of biochemical reactions in primitive cells, before the advent of proteins and DNA. In the last decade, experiments in the field of prebiotic chemistry have shown that RNA nucleotides can be synthesized from relatively simple molecular precursors, most of which have been found in space. An important exception is hydroxylamine, NH2OH, which, despite several observational attempts, it has not been detected in space yet. Here we present the first detection of NH2OH in the interstellar medium toward the quiescent molecular cloud G+0.693-0.027 located in the Galactic Center. We have targeted the three groups of transitions from the J = 2-1, 3-2, and 4-3 rotational lines, detecting five transitions that are unblended or only slightly blended. The derived molecular abundance of NH2OH is (2.1 ± 0.9) × 10-10. From the comparison of the derived abundance of NH2OH and chemically related species, with those predicted by chemical models and measured in laboratory experiments, we favor the formation of NH2OH in the interstellar medium via hydrogenation of NO on dust grain surfaces, with possibly a contribution of ice-mantle NH3 oxidation processes. Further laboratory studies and quantum chemical calculations are needed to completely rule out the formation of NH2OH in the gas phase. ; With funding from the Spanish government through the "María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence" accreditation (MDM-2017-0737)

In the past decade, astrochemistry has witnessed an impressive increase in the number of detections of complex organic molecules. Some of these species are of prebiotic interest such as glycolaldehyde, the simplest sugar, or aminoacetonitrile, a possible precursor of glycine. Recently, we have reported the detection of two new nitrogen-bearing complex organics, glycolonitrile and Z-cyanomethanimine, known to be intermediate species in the formation process of ribonucleotides within theories of a primordial RNA-world for the origin of life. In this study, we present deep and high-sensitivity observations toward two of the most chemically rich sources in the galaxy: a giant molecular cloud in the center of the Milky Way (G + 0.693-0.027) and a proto-Sun (IRAS16293-2422 B). Our aim is to explore whether the key precursors considered to drive the primordial RNA-world chemistry are also found in space. Our high-sensitivity observations reveal that urea is present in G + 0.693-0.027 with an abundance of ∼5 × 10-11. This is the first detection of this prebiotic species outside a star-forming region. Urea remains undetected toward the proto-Sun IRAS16293-2422 B (upper limit to its abundance of ≤2 × 10-11). Other precursors of the RNA-world chemical scheme such as glycolaldehyde or cyanamide are abundant in space, but key prebiotic species such as 2-amino-oxazole, glyceraldehyde, or dihydroxyacetone are not detected in either source. Future more sensitive observations targeting the brightest transitions of these species will be needed to disentangle whether these large prebiotic organics are certainly present in space. ; With funding from the Spanish government through the "María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence" accreditation (MDM-2017-0737); This work has been partially supported by MINECO and FEDER (project numbers ESP2015-65597-C4-1, CTQ2017-89150-R, and ESP2017-86582-C4-1-R)

Context. Small imines containing up to three carbon atoms are present in the interstellar medium (ISM). As alkynyl compounds are abundant in this medium, propargylimine (2-propyn-1-imine, HC C-CH =NH) thus represents a promising candidate for a new interstellar detection. Aims. The goal of the present work is to perform a comprehensive laboratory investigation of the rotational spectrum of propargylimine in its ground vibrational state in order to obtain a highly precise set of rest frequencies and to search for it in space. Methods. The rotational spectra of E and Z geometrical isomers of propargylimine have been recorded in the laboratory in the 83-500 GHz frequency interval. The measurements have been performed using a source-modulation millimetre-wave spectrometer equipped with a pyrolysis system for the production of unstable species. High-level ab initio calculations were performed to assist the analysis and to obtain reliable estimates for an extended set of spectroscopic quantities. We searched for propargylimine at 3 mm and 2 mm in the spectral survey of the quiescent giant molecular cloud G+0.693-0.027 located in the central molecular zone, close to the Galactic centre. Results. About 1000 rotational transitions have been recorded for the E-and Z-propargylimine, in the laboratory. These new data have enabled the determination of a very accurate set of spectroscopic parameters including rotational, quartic, and sextic centrifugal distortion constants. The improved spectral data allowed us to perform a successful search for this new imine in the G+0.693-0.027 molecular cloud. Eighteen lines of Z-propargylimine were detected at level >2.5σ, resulting in a column-density estimate of N = (0.24 ± 0.02) × 1014 cm-2. An upper limit was retrieved for the higher energy E isomer, which was not detected in the data. The fractional abundance (with respect to H2) derived for Z-propargylimine is 1.8 × 10-10. We discuss the possible formation routes by comparing the derived abundance with those measured in the source for possible chemical precursors. ; With funding from the Spanish government through the "María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence" accreditation (MDM-2017-0737)

Designing energy retrofitting actions poses an elevated number of problems, as the definition of the baseline, selection of indicators to measure performance, modelling, setting objectives, etc. This is time-consuming and it can result in a number of inaccuracies, leading to inadequate decisions. While these problems are present at building level, they are multiplied at district level, where there are complex interactions to analyse, simulate and improve. OptEEmAL proposes a solution as a decision-support tool for the design of energy retrofitting projects at district level. Based on specific input data (IFC(s), CityGML, etc.), the platform will automatically simulate the baseline scenario and launch an optimisation process where a series of Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs) will be applied to this scenario. Its performance will be evaluated through a holistic set of indicators to obtain the best combination of ECMs that complies with user's objectives. A great reduction in time and higher accuracy in the models are experienced, since they are automatically created and checked. A subjective problem is transformed into a mathematical problem; it simplifies it and ensures a more robust decision-making. This paper will present a case where the platform has been tested. ; This research work has been partially funded by the European Commission though the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No 680676. All related information to the project is available at https://www.opteemal-project.eu.

We present results from Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of CS from the nearby galaxy NGC 1068 (∼14 Mpc). This Seyfert 2 barred galaxy possesses a circumnuclear disc (CND, r ∼ 200 pc) and a starburst ring (SB ring, r ∼ 1.3 kpc). These high-resolution maps (∼0.5 arcsec, ∼35 pc) allow us to analyse specific sub-regions in the galaxy and investigate differences in line intensity ratios and physical conditions, particularly those between the CND and SB ring. Local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) analysis of the gas is used to calculate CS densities in each sub-region, followed by the non-LTE analysis conducted using the radiative transfer code RADEX to fit observations and constrain gas temperature, CS column density and hydrogen density. Finally, the chemical code UCLCHEM is used to reconstruct the gas, allowing an insight into its origin and chemical history. The density of hydrogen in the CND is found to be >105 cm∼2, although exact values vary, reaching 106 cmr2 at the active galactic nucleus. The conditions in the two arms of the SB ring appear similar to one another, though the density found (∼104 cm∼2) is lower than in the CND. The temperature in the CND increases from east to west, and is also overall greater than found in the SB ring. These modelling methods indicate the requirement for multiphase gas components in order to fit the observed emission over the galaxy. A larger number of high-resolution transitions across the SLED may allow for further constraining of the conditions, particularly in the SB ring. ; With funding from the Spanish government through the "María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence" accreditation (MDM-2017-0737)

Los días 7 y 8 de octubre de 2011, el Centro de Investigaciones en Pensamiento Político Latinoamericano (CIPPLA), dependiente de la Secretaría de Investigación de la Universidad Popular Madres de Plaza de Mayo, organizó el I Congreso de Pensamiento Político Latinoamericano. Éste contó con la participación de más de trescientas personas, y a lo largo de sus dos jornadas se organizaron casi treinta foros de debate y cinco paneles de conferencias, a cargo de destacados intelectuales, dirigentes sociales, funcionarios públicos y profesionales de diversas disciplinas: Hugo Biagini, Zulma Palermo, Inés Vázquez, Florencia Saintout, Hugo Trinchero, Roberto Caballero, Norberto Galasso y Hebe de Bonafini, entre otros. Se presentaron a su vez más de cien ponencias, que abordaron variadas temáticas relacionadas con el pensamiento emancipador, los derechos humanos, el poscolonialismo, la descolonialidad, la comunicación y la educación. Este volumen reúne una selección de esos trabajos en los que, desde diversas perspectivas, se sostiene la dignidad del pensamiento plebeyo y su rol fundamental en la construcción de una Patria Grande Latinoamericana. ; 5. Introducción 12. Fundamentación del CIPPLA 23. Frantz Fanon, los espectros y lo trágico por Alejandro De Oto & María Marta Quintana 35. La universalización de los derechos del Hombre. El ideario político de los esclavos rebeldes de Haití por Juan Francisco Martínez Peria 55. La trinidad filosófica Pueblo-Cultura-Liberación, entre la herejía y el dogma por Martín S. Forciniti 73. Descolonizar los corazones: discutiendo el modelo traumático para investigar un pasado genocida desde un presente militante por Diego Benegas Loyo 79. Polémicas culturales de los años sesenta en Cuba: historia, contextos y actualidad por María Ximena Vergara 91. Pretorianismo y femeneidad: un discurso fallido por Lilián Fernández del Moral 99. Cultura, política y modernización técnica en Kusch. Algunas observaciones por Daniel Eduardo Gutiérrez 111. La celebración del Bicentenario de México: Las razones para releer la historia por Juan José Carrillo Nieto 117. Aproximaciones históricas a los planteamientos políticos de la insugerencia colombiana por Sandra Díaz, Jenny Cristina Perdomo, Diana Ortiz y Mauricio Viloria 137. Acumulación por desposesión y democracia participativa: Excursus de una interrelación compleja en las antinomias del extractivismo argentino por Nicolás Di Genaro 145. Aproximación al pensamiento político de Agustín García Calvo por Marta Nogueroles Jové 155. Contribuciones del movimiento de los trabajadores rurales sin tierra (MTS, Brasil) en la re-conceptualización del desarrollo por Gabriel Rodrigues Lopes 169. Lecturas fanonianias sobre el armado de cuerpos por Cedriani Juan Pablo 177. Desarrollo y colonialidad: Vigencia estructural de la colonialidad en el discurso del desarrollo por Facundo Zorzoli 189. El bisturí y el megáfono por Juan Manuel Spinelli 195. Emancipaciones, resistencias y autonomías por Rebeca Peralta Mariñelarena 207. ¿Es posible, y es deseable, una ontología del oprimido? por Ezequiel Pinacchio 217. Filosofía política del movimiento obrero por Andrés Fortunato 225. La historia como discurso político por Martín López 233. Manuela Sáenz: Mujer y emancipación en el siglo XIX por Facundo Bindi 241. Des(bordes) institucionales por Mariana Serbent 253. Heterogeneidad espitémica y movimientos sociales latinomericanos por María Mercedes Palumbo y Laura Celina Vacca 275. Inflexiones de la comunidad nacional: las posiciones de la particularidad en el pensamiento de Carlos Astrada por Juan Antonio Delgado de la Rosa 283. Las dos caras de la dignidad por Diego Adrián Perez Sosa 287. ¿La Vida de quién? por Nayibe Agudelo Piza 295. Unfluencia de Esteban Echeverría en el diseño global imperial. Reflexiones desde el pensamiento descolonial por Soledad Ramati y María Mercedes Palumbo 303. La revolución boliviana de 1952 por Federico Li Rosi 311. El lenguaje y el derecho por Liliana Lisanti 319. Notas sobre el derecho por rodolfo Enrique Peláez 327. Nación y otredad: apuntes sobre la invención de lo extraño y peligroso en la Argentina moderna por Martín e. Díaz 337. La integración regional desde el pensamiento latino americano por Lucila Melendi 347. Pensar desde América Latina: arte y política por Carolina Wajnerman

The High Optical Resolution Spectrograph (HORuS) is a new high-resolution echelle spectrograph available on the 10.4-m Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC). We report on the first HORuS observations of a transit of the super-Earth planet 55 Cnc e. We investigate the presence of Na i and Hα in its transmission spectrum and explore the capabilities of HORuS for planetary transmission spectroscopy. Our methodology leads to residuals in the difference spectrum between the in-transit and out-of-transit spectra for the Na i doublet lines of (3.4 ± 0.4) × 10-4, which sets an upper limit to the detection of line absorption from the planetary atmosphere that is one order of magnitude more stringent that those reported in the literature. We demonstrate that we are able to reach the photon-noise limit in the residual spectra using HORuS to a degree that we would be able to easily detect giant planets with larger atmospheres. In addition, we modelled the structure, chemistry, and transmission spectrum of 55 Cnc e using state-of-the-art open source tools. ; With funding from the Spanish government through the "María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence" accreditation (MDM-2017-0737)