Suchergebnisse

Producción Científica ; Collective bargaining between a trade union and a firm is analyzed within the framework of a monopoly union model as a dynamic Stackelberg game. Adjustment costs for the firm are comprised of the standard symmetric convex costs plus a wage-dependent element. Indeed, hiring costs can turn into benefits assuming wage discrimination against new entrants. The union also bears increasing marginal costs in the number of layoff workers and decreasing marginal benefits in the number of new entrants. Starting from a baseline scenario with instantaneous adjustment, we characterize the conditions under which the adjustment costs for the firm, or for the union, lead to higher employment and lower wages or vice versa. More generally, these adjustment costs, when they affect both the union and the firm, are generally detrimental to employment. However, the standard symmetric element of the adjustment costs for the firm positively affects employment, even with lower wages. Finally, if hiring and firing costs are defined separately, then hiring and firing could take place simultaneously if the wage discrimination towards new entrants is strong, because the firm would agree to pay the costs of firing incumbent employees, in order to enjoy wage savings from new entrants. ; Spanish Government (projects ECO2014-52343-P and ECO2017-82227-P). Junta de Castilla y León VA024P17, co-financed by FEDER funds

Producción Científica ; Differences in regional unemployment rates, as well as their formation mechanism and persistence, have given rise to many papers in recent decades. The present work contributes to this strand of literature from two different perspectives. In the first part of our work, we follow the methodological proposal put forward by Hofler and Murphy (1989) and Aysun et al. (2014). We use a stochastic cost frontier to break down actual Spanish provincial unemployment (NUTS-3) into two different estimation components: the first associated with aggregate supply side factors, and the other more related to aggregate demand side factors. The second part of our research analyses the existence of spatial dependence patterns among Spanish provinces in actual unemployment and in the two above-mentioned components. The decomposition carried out in the first part of our research tells us what margin policymakers have when dealing with unemployment reductions by means of aggregate supply and aggregate demand poli- cies. Finally, spatial analysis of unemployment rates in Spanish provinces may also have significant implications from the standpoint of economic policy since we find common formation patterns or clusters of unemployment. ; Spanish government projects ECO2014-52343-P CSO2015-69439-R.