Suchergebnisse

Desde una visión psicosocial y etnopsiquiátrica, el autor revela las dificultades que representa el cambio social producido por las políticas etnogenocidas ejecutadas por el Estado-nación, siendo una de ellas el fenómeno de la endoculturación forzada. Para realizar esto, explica tres situaciones en las que se da la endoculturación, valiéndose de la dinámica arraigo / desarraigo y de la categorización de dos formas de desarraigo. ; From a psycho-social and ethno-psychiatric standpoint, the author reveals the difficulties involved in the social change caused by the ethno-genocidal politics of the nation-state . Forced endoculturation is one of these difficulties. To present this, the author explains three endoculturation situations, using take / uprooting dynamics and two forms of uprooting. ; Grupo de Investigación Antropología y Filosofía (SEJ-126). Universidad de Granada

El presente trabajo forma parte de una serie de reflexiones que el autor ha estado realizando a propósito del golpismo en Venezuela, hasta la actualidad. Éste se inscribe en un descontento político y económico, iniciado no sólo a partir del período presidencial vigente, sino muchos años atrás de los inicios de la llamada era "democrática", en 1958. Con esto se intenta ilustrar las ironías del juego político venezolano, y cómo resulta productivo tanto para la investigación antropológica, como para el cambio de paradigmas en pos de fructíferas transformaciones sociales. ; This work is part of some reflections that the author has been developing from the beginning of the coup era in Venezuela to the present time. This goes back to 1958, many years before the democratic era, and it leads to the current government. The article seeks to show the irony of the politic Venezuelan game; at the same time, it shows how it enriches anthropological research and also is productive for a change of paradigms while achieving some productive social transformations. ; Grupo de Investigación Antropología y Filosofía (SEJ-126). Universidad de Granada

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ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 66, No. 724, 2011: 23-36.

Dentro del campo educativo, uno de los asuntos más importantes y, a pesar de ello, menos atendidos, es el de la democracia escolar. No me refiero a una democracia abstracta, puramente conceptual o doctrinaria, sino a cosas tan concretas como la horizontalidad, la apertura y flexibilidad de los procedimientos educativos en los centros escolares.

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 59, No. 672, 2004: 1083-1088.

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ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 58, No. 655, 2003: 479-483.

Precise navigation with GPS buoys has actually a number of scientist applications in the Earth sciences. The work presented is focussed in the application of the kinematic GPS buoys positioning for sea level monitoring and ocean surveying, oriented to the absolute calibration of space-borne radar altimeters at local scale. The application of the GPS buoys technology for these purposes requires centimeter accuracy in the estimation of the sea surface heights. A discussion of the differential kinematic strategies with short baselines (less than 50km) applied to the positioning of buoys in the open sea is presented. The data analyzed corresponds to several GPS buoy campaigns conducted in the Spanish North-Western Mediterranean Sea in March 1999 and in July 2000 offshore the Begur Cape. These experiences, performing the absolute calibration of the TOPEX side-B altimeter, had been developed in the frame of a project founded by the Spanish government, CICYT (Comision Interministerial de Ciencia Y Tecnologia), as a National Coordinated R+D project in space research (ref. ESP97- 1816-004). The aim of these campaigns was a previous training for the absolute calibration of both the future RA-2 altimeter on-board the ENVISAT satellite (ESA) and the INDEX POSEIDON-2 solid state altimeter on-board the JASON-1 satellite (NASA/CNES) in the Spanish territory. Apart to calibrate radar sensors on-board, the GPS buoys technology is applied to validate other geophysical data derived from the altimeter measurements as the significant wave height. Also a potential use of these kind of buoys to state a reference absolute sea surface at regional scales is discussed. The mapping of the sea surface with GPS buoys can be a useful tool for the estimation of biases and drifts for any altimeter mission that traverses the studied area. For this purpose, it is needed a combination of both the GPS buoys observations and the long-term measurements of a tide gauge placed nearby that region. An overview of the results of the last two year calibration campaigns will be presented as well as the future scientist guidelines in the topic. ; Peer Reviewed ; Postprint (published version)

The three Begur experiments have been conducted on March, 16-19, 1999, which was the first altimeter calibration ever developed in Spain and the first Alt-B altimeter calibration made in the Mediterranean Sea; on July, 4-7, 2000, and on August, 25-28, 2002. Direct absolute altimeter calibration, estimating the TOPEX Alt-B bias, was made from direct overflights using GPS buoys. This method does not require any modelling of geoid and tidal error. Other main objective of the campaigns was to map with GPS buoys the Mean Sea Surface, MSS, along an ascending T/P groundtrack about 15-20 km from the coast, using coastal tide gauge measurements. This method requires geographical mapping of geoid and ocean tides which reduces the accuracy of the bias estimate by a factor of two. Indirect absolute altimeter calibration is possible for any satellite crossing the MSS, with the only requirement that tide gauges are operational during the overflight. In the framework of the JASON-1 CNES/NASA mission, a campaign was conducted on June 9-17, 2003, in the Absolute Calibration Site of the Island of Ibiza. The objective was to determine the local marine geoid slope under the ascending (187) and descending (248) Jason-1 ground tracks, in order to allow a better extrapolation of the open-ocean altimetric data with on-shore tide gauge locations, and thereby improve the overall precision of the calibration process. We present preliminary results on Jason-1 altimeter calibration using the derived marine geoid: from this analysis the altimeter bias is estimated to be 120 ± 5 mm. ; These campaigns have been supported by the Spanish Government, Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología CICYT R+D Projects in Space Research Ref.: ESP97-1816-CO4 and ESP2001-4534-PE. GPS (SANB) and tide gauge data from Ibiza and San Antonio were obtained also within the framework of the ESEAS-RI EU project under contract EVR1-CT-2002-40025. ; Peer reviewed

Galceran, Regina et al. ; © 2015 American Physical Society. We report on magnetotransport properties on La0.7Sr0.3MnO3/MgO/Fe tunnel junctions grown epitaxially on top of (001)-oriented SrTiO3 substrates by sputtering. It is shown that the magnetoresistive response depends critically on the MgO/Fe interfacial properties. The appearance of an FeOX layer by the interface destroys the Δ1 symmetry filtering effect of the MgO/Fe system and only a small negative tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) (∼-3%) is measured. However, in annealed samples a switchover from positive TMR (∼+25% at 70 K) to negative TMR (∼-1%) is observed around 120 K. This change is associated with the transition from semiconducting at high T to insulating at low T taking place at the Verwey transition (TV∼120K) in Fe3O4, thus suggesting the formation of a very thin slab of magnetite at the MgO/Fe interface during annealing treatments. These results highlight the relevance of interfacial properties on the tunneling conduction process and how it can be substantially modified through appropriate interface engineering. ; We acknowledge financial support from the Spanish MINECO through grants (MAT2012-33207, MAT2011-27470-C02, MAT2012-37638 and Consolider Ingenio 2010 - CSD2009-00013 (Imagine)), from CAM through Grant No. S2009/MAT-1756 (Phama) and Basque Government (PI2011-1). Financial support from EC through FEDER program and Marie Curie Actions (256470-ITAMOSCINOM) is also acknowledged. C.M.B. thanks the Spanish MINECO for the financial support through the RyC program ; Peer Reviewed

Santiso, José et al. ; Lattice-mismatched epitaxial films of LaSrMnO (LSMO) on LaAlO (001) substrates develop a crossed pattern of misfit dislocations above a critical thickness of 2.5 nm. Upon film thickness increases, the dislocation density progressively increases, and the dislocation spacing distribution becomes narrower. At a film thickness of 7.0 nm, the misfit dislocation density is close to the saturation for full relaxation. The misfit dislocation arrangement produces a 2D lateral periodic structure modulation (Λ≈ 16 nm) alternating two differentiated phases: one phase fully coherent with the substrate and a fully relaxed phase. This modulation is confined to the interface region between film and substrate. This phase separation is clearly identified by X-ray diffraction and further proven in the macroscopic resistivity measurements as a combination of two transition temperatures (with low and high T). Films thicker than 7.0 nm show progressive relaxation, and their macroscopic resistivity becomes similar than that of the bulk material. Therefore, this study identifies the growth conditions and thickness ranges that facilitate the formation of laterally modulated nanocomposites with functional properties notably different from those of fully coherent or fully relaxed material. ; This research was funded by the Spanish MINECO (projects: MAT2011-29081-C02, MAT2012-33207 and MAT2013-47869-C4-1-P, Consolider-Ingenio CSD2008-00023) and the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 645658. We also acknowledge financial aid from the Generalitat de Catalunya (2014 SGR 501 and 2014 SGR 1216). J. S. thanks the support of Ministry of Education and Science through program "Salvador de Madariaga" for a grant (ref: PRX14/00297) to perform a stay at MIT. Z.K. is grateful for the support from the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia through Project III45018. Q.L. and B.Y. thank the National Science Foundation for support through the MIT Center of Materials Science and Engineering MRSEC under grant no. DMR-1419807. This work made use of the Shared Experimental Facilities supported in part by the MRSEC Program of the National Science Foundation under award number DMR – 1419807. We thank Dr. Belén Ballesteros (ICN2, Barcelona) and Prof. Marie-Jo Casanova (CEMES, Toulouse) for their assistance with transmission electron microscopy experiments. We are grateful to J. Rubio-Zuazo and the ESRF for providing assistance in using beamline BM25. We also thank HZB for the allocation of synchrotron radiation beamtime at Bessy. ; Peer Reviewed

et al. ; We present a single-step route to generate ordered nanocomposite thin films of secondary phase inclusions (Mn3O4) in a pristine perovskite matrix (LaMnO3) by taking advantage of the complex phase diagram of manganese oxides. We observed that in samples grown under vacuum growth conditions from a single LaMnO3 stoichiometric target by Pulsed Laser Deposition, the most favorable mechanism to accommodate Mn2+ cations is the spontaneous segregation of self-assembled wedge-like Mn3O4 ferrimagnetic inclusions inside a LaMnO3 matrix that still preserves its orthorhombic structure and its antiferromagnetic bulk-like behavior. A detailed analysis on the formation of the self-assembled nanocomposite films evidences that Mn3O4 inclusions exhibit an epitaxial relationship with the surrounding matrix that it may be explained in terms of a distorted cubic spinel with slight (~9°) c-axis tilting. Furthermore, a Ruddlesden-Popper La2MnO4 phase, helping to the stoichiometry balance, has been identified close to the interface with the substrate. We show that ferrimagnetic Mn3O4 columns influence the magnetic and transport properties of the nanocomposite by increasing its coercive field and by creating local areas with enhanced conductivity in the vicinity of the inclusions. ; Financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, through the "Severo Ochoa" Program for Centres of Excellence in R&D (SEV-2015-0496 and SEV 2013-0295), Projects MAT2011-29081 and MAT2015-71664-R and Ministry of Education and Science of Serbia (Grant—III45018) is acknowledged. This work has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 645658 (DAFNEOX Project). NB thanks the Spanish MINECO for financial support through the FPI program. ; Peer reviewed ; Peer Reviewed

Under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 (CC-BY). ; There is increasing evidence supporting the strong potential of twin walls in ferroic materials as distinct, spatially tunable, functional elements in future electronic devices. Here, we report an increase of about one order of magnitude in conductivity and more robust magnetic interactions at (100)-type twin walls in La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 thin films. The nature and microscopic origin of such distinctive behavior is investigated by combining conductive, magnetic, and force modulation scanning force microscopies with transmission electron microscopy techniques. Our analyses indicate that the observed behavior is due to a severe compressive strained state within an ∼1nm slab of material centered at the twin walls, promoting stronger Mn 3d-O2p orbital overlapping leading to a broader bandwidth and enhanced magnetic interactions. ; This research was sponsored by the Spanish MINECO (Grants No. MAT2011- 29081-C02, No. MAT2012-33207, and No. MAT2013-47869-C4-1-P) projects. We also acknowledge financial aid from the Generalitat de Catalunya (2014 SGR 501). N.B. and F.S. also acknowledge funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme under Grant Agreement No. 312483-ESTEEM2 (Integrated Infrastructure Initiative I3) for providing access to aberration corrected electron microscopes at CEMES (Toulouse) and LPS (Orsay). R.G. and N.B. thank the Spanish MINECO for financial support through the FPI program. F.S. acknowledges support from the Labex (Excellence Laboratory) NEXT through a visiting scientist fellowship at CEMES (Toulouse, France). ; Peer Reviewed