Este artículo se presenta como una propuesta didáctica y creativa de innovación docente y que se enmarca en el Programa Educativo y Cultural denominado 'Vivir y Sentir el Patrimonio' de la Consejería de Educación y Deporte de la Junta de Andalucía. Partiendo de la experiencia y conocimiento de la propia autora –como artista visual, investigadora y docente universitaria– se ofrece un proyecto en torno a la Educación Artística y Patrimonial de un marcado carácter innovador y con foco en el Conjunto Monumental de la Alhambra y el Generalife de Granada (España). Así pues, a través de la investigación, el diseño y la creación artística, se profundizará en el conocimiento y la interpretación del arte geométrico tan característico de los alicatados cerámicos de Al-Ándalus para su posterior aplicación al diseño textil contemporáneo –e incluso al diseño de prendas de vestir– empleando una serie de técnicas manuales y artesanales como la estampación en bloque o el dibujo con hilos. De este modo, desde el contexto educativo y aplicando la metodología aprendiendo haciendo o learning by doing, el alumnado desarrollará su creatividad creando un diseño textil propio y único, pero también comprenderá el significado y el valor de este bien patrimonial de Al-Ándalus, promoviendo así su propia conciencia patrimonial individual y colectiva, como la conservación y difusión del patrimonio andaluz.
El presente trabajo de investigación y creación artística versa sobre el patrimonio arqueológico como fuente de inspiración para los artistas contemporáneos y, más específicamente, sobre la escultura pétrea conocida como la Dama de Elche. Así, pues, la Investigación Basada en las Artes Visuales ha sido llevada a cabo en el entorno digital, partiendo de multitud de fotografías y dibujos sobre el busto femenino; se han utilizado diversas herramientas digitales de creación de modelos 3D (Autodesk ReCap Photo) y edición de vídeo (Filmora9); y ha sido realizada desde la perspectiva A/R/Tográfica. Por tanto, el presente artículo se focaliza en exponer tanto el proceso creador interdisciplinar desarrollado como el resultado de una de las obras generadas y titulada 1971/10/1. DAMA DE ELCHE (2020).
El presente artículo se centra en el Ateliê Fidalga de São Paulo (Brasil), como espacio cultural de reconocido prestigio por su larga trayectoria y su modus operandi, siendo un claro ejemplo de lo que diversos teóricos han llamado espacios alternativos y laboratorios artísticos colaborativos. Este nuevo tipo de institución híbrida y autoorganizada por artistas es considerada como el lugar donde se produce la mayor parte del arte actual, dentro del contexto artístico brasileño e incluso internacional. If Art may be a war, the Ateliê Fidalga is a neutral pointThis article focuses on the Ateliê Fidalga of São Paulo (Brazil), as a renowned cultural space for its trajectory and modus operandi, it is an example about what many theorists have called as alternative art spaces and collaborative artistic laboratories. This new kind of hybrid institution and self-organized by artists, it is considered as the place where the most of the current art is produced, within the artistic brazilian context and even internacional context.
Introducción Las Instrucciones Previas suponen una reafirmación de la autonomía de los ciudadanos en momentos de incapacidad para la toma de decisiones. España, a pesar del gran desarrollo legislativo al respecto, presenta un limitado conocimiento y uso del documento de Instrucciones Previas entre la población. Objetivo Evaluar el conocimiento, formalización y actitud hacia el documento de Instrucciones Previas de los usuarios del Servicio Murciano de Salud, así como analizar sus deseos de cuidados al final de la vida y preferencias de tratamiento de soporte vital. También investigamos sobre la predisposición de los ciudadanos a la donación de órganos para trasplante y los factores asociados. Material y métodos Estudio observacional descriptivo transversal, desarrollado en consultas de Atención Primaria de las Áreas de Salud I, III, IV y VII del Servicio Murciano de Salud, desde Septiembre de 2012 a Junio de 2013. Como herramienta de recogida de datos, se empleó una encuesta diseñada ad hoc. Dicha encuesta, autocumplimentada por los participantes, recogía las variables sociodemográficas del usuario, variables relacionadas con su salud y experiencias vitales, así como el grado de conocimiento, formalización y actitud hacia el documento de Instrucciones Previas, y los deseos de cuidados al final de la vida. Las preferencias de tratamiento de soporte vital fueron recogidas mediante el cuestionario Life Support Preferences Questionnaire (LSPQ). La población de estudio estuvo compuesta por usuarios del Servicio Murciano de Salud que acudieron a consultas de Atención Primaria. Se repartieron 1200 encuestas, de las cuales fueron realizadas 1051. Resultados La muestra presentó una edad media de 39,65 años (DE: 14,46; Rango: 18-87), siendo el 60,1% del total mujeres. El 56,3% tenía estudios universitarios, el 92,6% era de origen español y el 72,2% se declaró católico. El 52,6% manifestó tener un estado de salud bueno o muy bueno, y el 27,4% había sufrido la pérdida de un familiar en el último año. El 65,7% desconocía el ...
Introducción Las Instrucciones Previas suponen una reafirmación de la autonomía de los ciudadanos en momentos de incapacidad para la toma de decisiones. España, a pesar del gran desarrollo legislativo al respecto, presenta un limitado conocimiento y uso del documento de Instrucciones Previas entre la población. Objetivo Evaluar el conocimiento, formalización y actitud hacia el documento de Instrucciones Previas de los usuarios del Servicio Murciano de Salud, así como analizar sus deseos de cuidados al final de la vida y preferencias de tratamiento de soporte vital. También investigamos sobre la predisposición de los ciudadanos a la donación de órganos para trasplante y los factores asociados. Material y métodos Estudio observacional descriptivo transversal, desarrollado en consultas de Atención Primaria de las Áreas de Salud I, III, IV y VII del Servicio Murciano de Salud, desde Septiembre de 2012 a Junio de 2013. Como herramienta de recogida de datos, se empleó una encuesta diseñada ad hoc. Dicha encuesta, autocumplimentada por los participantes, recogía las variables sociodemográficas del usuario, variables relacionadas con su salud y experiencias vitales, así como el grado de conocimiento, formalización y actitud hacia el documento de Instrucciones Previas, y los deseos de cuidados al final de la vida. Las preferencias de tratamiento de soporte vital fueron recogidas mediante el cuestionario Life Support Preferences Questionnaire (LSPQ). La población de estudio estuvo compuesta por usuarios del Servicio Murciano de Salud que acudieron a consultas de Atención Primaria. Se repartieron 1200 encuestas, de las cuales fueron realizadas 1051. Resultados La muestra presentó una edad media de 39,65 años (DE: 14,46; Rango: 18-87), siendo el 60,1% del total mujeres. El 56,3% tenía estudios universitarios, el 92,6% era de origen español y el 72,2% se declaró católico. El 52,6% manifestó tener un estado de salud bueno o muy bueno, y el 27,4% había sufrido la pérdida de un familiar en el último año. El 65,7% desconocía el documento de Instrucciones Previas, y solo el 3,3% lo había formalizado. El 24,8% lo realizaría en los próximos tres meses. Tras el análisis de regresión logística se asociaron al desconocimiento del documento tener bajo nivel de estudios, ausencia de enfermedades crónicas y ausencia de actividad laboral. El 47,8% había pensado alguna vez sobre cómo le gustaría ser tratado al final de la vida; el 88,2% hablaría sobre este tema con su familia; el 42,6% lo había hecho en alguna ocasión. Al 50% le gustaría que su médico le preguntara sobre este asunto. El 74,2% preferiría morir en su casa y el 45,6% ser enterrado. El 71,8% donaría sus órganos para trasplante, y los factores que resultaron estar asociados a una actitud desfavorable hacia la donación fueron bajo nivel de estudios, ser extranjero, ser varón y tener un mal estado de salud. Los participantes mostraron una actitud positiva hacia los tratamientos de soporte vital, excepto en el caso de muy mal pronóstico, encontrándose como factores asociados al rechazo del tratamiento la edad, las creencias religiosas y las experiencias vitales. Conclusiones Existe un escaso conocimiento y uso del documento de Instrucciones Previas entre la población, evidenciando la necesidad de iniciar proyectos de formación a los profesionales y de promoción entre los ciudadanos. La comunicación sobre los deseos al final de la vida del paciente no alcanza los niveles deseados en las consultas médicas ni en las familias, así que debe ser mejorada para conseguir una adecuada Planificación Anticipada de Decisiones. Aunque la predisposición de la población para la donación de órganos para trasplante alcanza niveles considerables, las instituciones deben seguir fomentando la donación. Múltiples factores y circunstancias influyen en las preferencias de tratamiento de soporte vital, por lo cual los profesionales sanitarios deben explorar los deseos de los pacientes y tener en cuenta sus características individuales. Introduction Advance Directives mean a reaffirmation of citizens' autonomy in times of disability for taking decisions. Spain, in spite of the great legislative development in this subject, shows a limited knowledge and use of Advance Directives among the population. Objective To evaluate knowledge, completion rates and attitude towards Advance Directives for users of the Murcia Health Service, as well as to analyse their wishes of care at the end of life and preferences for life support treatment. We also perform research into the predisposition of citizens towards organ donation for transplantation and associated factors. Material and methods Descriptive cross-sectional study developed in Primary Care Centres from Health Areas I, III, IV and VII from the Murcia Health Service, from September 2012 to June 2013. An ad hoc designed survey was used as a tool for gathering data. That survey, filled in by the participants, contained sociodemographic variables from users, variables related with their health and life experiences, as well as the level of knowledge, completion rates and attitude towards Advance Directives, and their wishes of care at the end of their lives. Preferences for life support treatment were gathered by a Life Support Preferences Questionnaire (LSPQ). The studied population was made up of users of the Murcia Health Service that went to Primary Care Centres. 1200 surveys were delivered, of which1051 were completed. Results The mean age of participants was 39.65 years (SD: 14,46; Range: 18-87), 60,1% were women. 56,3% had a university education, 92,6% were Spanish and 72,2% declared themselves as Catholic. 52,6% expressed having a good or very good state of health, and 27,4% had suffered the loss of a relative in the last year. 65,7% did not know Advance Directives, and just 3,3% had completed it. 24,8% would do it in the three next months. After logistic regression analysis, low education level, lack of chronic disease and lack of labour activity were the primary factors relating to the lack of awareness of the document. 47,8% had at some point thought about how they would like to be treated at the end of their lives; 88,2% would talk about this with their families; 42,6% had discussed it at some point. 50% would like their doctor to ask them about this. 74,2% would prefer to die in their home and 45,6% would like to be buried. 71,8% would donate their organs for transplantation, and the factors that seemed to be related to an unfavourable attitude towards donation were low level education, being a foreigner, being male and having a bad state of health. Participants showed a positive attitude towards life support treatments, apart from the case of a very bad prognosis, factors related to the rejection of treatment were found to be age, religious beliefs and life experiences. Conclusions There is a lack of knowledge and use of Advance Directives among the population, making clear the need to start training projects for professionals as well as promotion projects among the citizens. Communication about citizens' wishes at the end of their lives does not reach desired levels in medical consultations or families, so it must be improved in order to get a proper Advanced Care Planning. Although the population predisposition for organ donation for transplantation reaches considerable levels, institutions must continue encouraging donation. Multiple factors and circumstances have influenced in preferences for life support treatment, therefore health professionals must explore the wishes of patients and keep in mind their individual characteristics.
El presente artículo tiene como finalidad,comunicar los resultados de la investigación (SIPIPN20150785) denominada"Plataforma Tecnológica para la construcción de contenidos digitales para un Posgrado Virtual".La plataforma desarrollada, tiene como propósito el diseño y aplicación de contenidos digitales para ser utilizados como recursos educativos abiertos en el posgradoVirtual ESCA IPN. El desarrollotecnológicomencionado, se plantea como una estrategia metodológica para la integración de equipos académicos multidisciplinarios en el diseño y aplicación de contenidos digitales, que apoyen el diseño instruccional de programas de posgrado a distancia en la modalidad de aprendizaje virtual que se imparten en el IPN.
PCDD/F emissions from three light-duty diesel vehicles–two vans and a passenger car–have been measured in on-road conditions. We propose a new methodology for small vehicles: a sample of exhaust gas is collected by means of equipment based on United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) method 23A for stationary stack emissions. The concentrations of O2, CO, CO2, NO, NO2 and SO2 have also been measured. Six tests were carried out at 90-100 km/h on a route 100 km long. Two additional tests were done during the first 10 minutes and the following 60 minutes of the run to assess the effect of the engine temperature on PCDD/F emissions. The emission factors obtained for the vans varied from 1800 to 8400 pg I-TEQ/Nm3 for a 2004 model year van and 490-580 pg I-TEQ/Nm3 for a 2006 model year van. Regarding the passenger car, one run was done in the presence of a catalyst and another without, obtaining emission factors (330-880 pg I-TEQ/Nm3) comparable to those of the modern van. Two other tests were carried out on a power generator leading to emission factors ranging from 31 to 78 pg I-TEQ/Nm3. All the results are discussed and compared with literature. ; The authors thank the Spanish Ministry of Education which supported the research project CTQ2008-05520 and the Valencian Community Government (Spain) for the support provided under PROMETEO/2009/043/FEDER.
The authors thank the research project CTQ2008-05520 from the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science and PROMETEO/2009/043/FEDER from the Valencian Community Government (Spain) for the support provided.
In some diseases it is well-known that a unimodal mortality pattern exists. A clear example in developed countries is breast cancer, where mortality increased sharply until the nineties and then decreased. This clear unimodal pattern is not necessarily applicable to all regions within a country. In this paper, we develop statistical tools to check if the unimodality pattern persists within regions using order restricted inference. Break points as well as confidence intervals are also provided. In addition, a new test for checking monotonicity against unimodality is derived allowing to discriminate between a simple increasing pattern and an up-then-down response pattern. A comparison with the widely used joinpoint regression technique under unimodality is provided. We show that the joinpoint technique could fail when the underlying function is not piecewise linear. Results will be illustrated using age-specific breast cancer mortality data from Spain in the period 1975-2005. ; This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (project MTM 2011-22664 jointly sponsored with Feder grants, project MTM 2012-37129 and project MTM2014-51992-R). The work has been also partially supported by the Health Department of Navarre Government (Project 113, Res. 2186/2014).
The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) is an important indicator for evaluating vegetation change, monitoring land surface fluxes or predicting crop models. Due to the great availability of images provided by different satellites in recent years, much attention has been devoted to testing trend changes with a time series of NDVI individual pixels. However, the spatial dependence inherent in these data is usually lost unless global scales are analyzed. In this paper, we propose incorporating both the spatial and the temporal dependence among pixels using a stochastic spatio-temporal model for estimating the NDVI distribution thoroughly. The stochastic model is a state-space model that uses meteorological data of the Climatic Research Unit (CRU TS3.10) as auxiliary information. The model will be estimated with the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm. The result is a set of smoothed images providing an overall analysis of the NDVI distribution across space and time, where fluctuations generated by atmospheric disturbances, fire events, land-use/cover changes or engineering problems from image capture are treated as random fluctuations. The illustration is carried out with the third generation of NDVI images, termed NDVI3g, of the Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies (GIMMS) in continental Spain. This data are taken in bymonthly periods from January 2011 to December 2013, but the model can be applied to many other variables, countries or regions with different resolutions. ; This research was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Project MTM2014-51992-R), the Government of Navarre (Project PI015, 2016), and by the Fundación Caja Navarra-UNED Pamplona (2016).
Satellite remote sensing data have become available in meteorology, agriculture, forestry, geology, regional planning, hydrology or natural environment sciences since several decades ago, because satellites provide routinely high quality images with different temporal and spatial resolutions. Joining, combining or smoothing these images for a better quality of information is a challenge not always properly solved. In this regard, geostatistics, as the spatiotemporal stochastic techniques of georeferenced data, is a very helpful and powerful tool not enough explored in this area yet. Here, we analyze the current use of some of the geostatistical tools in satellite image analysis, and provide an introduction to this subject for potential researchers. ; This research was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (Project MTM2017-82553-R), the Government of Navarra (Project PI015, 2016 and Project PI043 2017), and by the Fundación Caja Navarra-UNED Pamplona (2016 and 2017).
Multitemporal imagery is by and large geometrically and radiometrically accurate, but the residual noise arising from removal clouds and other atmospheric and electronic effects can produce outliers that must be mitigated to properly exploit the remote sensing information. In this study, we show how ground-truth data from rain gauge stations can improve the quality of satellite imagery. To this end, a simulation study is conducted wherein different sizes of outlier outbreaks are spread and randomly introduced in the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the day and night land surface temperature (LST) of composite images from Navarre (Spain) between 2011 and 2015. To remove outliers, a new method called thin-plate splines with covariates (TpsWc) is proposed. This method consists of smoothing the median anomalies with a thin-plate spline model, whereby transformed ground-truth data are the external covariates of the model. The performance of the proposed method is measured with the square root of the mean square error (RMSE), calculated as the root of the pixel-by-pixel mean square differences between the original data and the predicted data with the TpsWc model and with a state-space model with and without covariates. The study shows that the use of ground-truth data reduces the RMSE in both the TpsWc model and the state-space model used for comparison purposes. The new method successfully removes the abnormal data while preserving the phenology of the raw data. The RMSE reduction percentage varies according to the derived variables (NDVI or LST), but reductions of up to 20% are achieved with the new proposal. ; This research was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (project MTM2017-82553-R) jointly financed with the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER), the Government of Navarre (PI015-2016 and PI043-2017 projects) and the Fundación CAN-Obra Social Caixa-UNED Pamplona 2016 and 2017.
En este trabajo presentamos un proyecto, concebido como investigación-acción, que ha sido implementado en el marco de la formación inicial, concretamente, en el segundo curso del Grado en Educación Primaria de la Universidad de Almería. Como objetivo principal nos planteamos desarrollar en los futuros maestros y maestras competencias profesionalizantes, que les ayuden a formar ciudadanos y ciudadanas "globales", capaces de entender su mundo y de comprometerse con él. El proyecto se ha centrado en una problemática social relevante como es la situación de la infancia refugiada siria, tema, desgraciadamente, de plena actualidad en nuestros días. Los interrogantes que nos planteamos tenían su punto de partida en el modelo de docente que queremos formar. Nos cuestionábamos si las competencias que nos ofrece el marco del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior son suficientes para transformar a nuestro alumnado universitario en un profesional con pensamiento social, ético y democrático. Creemos que es importante preparar a docentes críticos que tomen conciencia de la necesidad de transformar las Ciencias Sociales en un instrumento de cambio social. Hemos querido, además, desbancar prejuicios sobre las posibilidades que ofrece el currículo para trabajar estas temáticas controvertidas. En el presente artículo avanzamos la fundamentación teórica sobre la que se sustenta el proyecto, así como las fases en que se ha organizado para su desarrollo. Pese a encontrarnos en una etapa inicial de análisis de resultados, podemos establecer unas primeras conclusiones a partir de cuestionarios pasados al alumnado, una vez finalizado el proyecto, que revelan el impacto formativo del mismo. ; This paper presents a project, conceived as action research, which has been implemented within the framework of teacher training, specifically, in the second year of the Degree in Primary Education of the University of Almeria. The main objective is to develop professional competences in future teachers, who provide them with the necessary strategies to train "global" citizens, capable of understanding their world and engage with it. The project has focused on a relevant social problem such as the situation of Syrian refugee children, a subject that, unfortunately, is very topical in our days. The objectives that we set out have their origin in the model of teacher we want to train. Related to this, we asked ourselves if competences offered by the framework of the European Higher Education Area are sufficient to turn our university students into professionals with critical, social, ethical and democratic thinking through working with relevant social problems. It was important to develop a critical training model with the intention that students will realize the need to transform Social Sciences into an instrument that makes possible, from the school, the social change. We also wanted to overcome prejudices in the students about the possibilities that offer the curriculum design to work on these topics. In this paper we advance the theoretical foundation on which the project is based, as well as the phases in which it has been organized for its development. Although we are in an initial phase of analysis of results, we can establish some initial conclusions based on questionnaires passed to the students, once the project is finished, wich reveal its positive impact. We can establish some initial conclusions based on questionnaires passed on to the students, once the project is finished, which reveal their positive impact. ; Grupos Docentes de Innovación de la Universidad de Almería, "La inclusión de voces, contenidos y espacios ausentes en la cultura escolar formal para fortalecer la formación inicial de docentes y educadores sociales para la justicia social en educación" (bienio 2014-16) y "Desarrollo del pensamiento crítico a través de las TIC en la formación inicial del profesorado" (bienio 2017-18). ; peerReviewed
This paper presents a project, conceived as action research, which has been implemented within the framework of teacher training, specifically, in the second year of the Degree in Primary Education of the University of Almeria. The main objective is to develop professional competences in future teachers, who provide them with the necessary strategies to train "global" citizens, capable of understanding their world and engage with it. The project has focused on a relevant social problem such as the situation of Syrian refugee children, a subject that, unfortunately, is very topical in our days. The objectives that we set out have their origin in the model of teacher we want to train. Related to this, we asked ourselves if competences offered by the framework of the European Higher Education Area are sufficient to turn our university students into professionals with critical, social, ethical and democratic thinking through working with relevant social problems. It was important to develop a critical training model with the intention that students will realize the need to transform Social Sciences into an instrument that makes possible, from the school, the social change. We also wanted to overcome prejudices in the students about the possibilities that offer the curriculum design to work on these topics, and show them that curricular contents should be put at the service of education to transform citizenship and commit to action. In this paper we advance the theoretical foundation on which the project is based, as well as the phases in which it has been organized for its development. Although we are in an initial phase of analysis of results, we can establish some first conclusions that reveal the positive impact of the project. ; En este trabajo presentamos un proyecto, concebido como investigación-acción, que ha sido implementado en el marco de la formación inicial, concretamente, en el segundo curso del Grado en Educación Primaria de la Universidad de Almería. Como objetivo principal nos planteamos desarrollar ...
In some diseases it is well-known that a unimodal mortality pattern exists. A clear example in developed countries is breast cancer, where mortality increased sharply until the nineties and then decreased. This clear unimodal pattern is not necessarily applicable to all regions within a country. In this paper, we develop statistical tools to check if the unimodality pattern persists within regions using order restricted inference. Break points as well as con dence intervals are also provided. In addition, a new test for checking monotonicity against unimodality is derived allowing to discriminate between a simple increasing pattern and an up-then-down response pattern. A comparison with the widely used joinpoint regression technique under unimodality is provided. We show that the joinpoint technique could fail when the underlying function is not piecewise linear. Results will be illustrated using age-speci c breast cancer mortality data from Spain in the period 1975-2005. ; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación grant (MTM2012-37129) ; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation project MTM 2011-22664 ; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and FEDER grant MTM2014-51992-R ; Health Department of Navarre Government (Project 113, Res. 2186/2014)
