Suchergebnisse

Leonard Horner was the most impressive and influential of the first English factory inspectors. For 26 years from 1833 to 1859 he administered the Factory Act mainly in the textile district of Lancashire. His work and that of his colleagues in the Factory Department made a success of this major experiment in legislative intervention in industry and despite the gloomy predictions of their early opponents they did not ruin the British economy in the process. The first generation of Inspectors laid the foundation for successive extensions of the Factory Act so that by the end of the 19th century working conditions and hours of labour for women and children were under legal regulation in all the major branches of manufacturing industry. Horner was acknowledged by his contemporaries to be the major figure among the early Inspectors; he even had the singular honour of being praised by Marx inCapital. This short biography will concentrate on Horner's work as Inspector of Factories since this is undoubtedly his major achievement. However it will also be concerned with other aspects of his life and interests, both because these have some importance in their own right and also in order to examine the extent to which Horner's life and thought form a coherent whole. Finally, an assessment will be made of Horner's place in social reform and in the development of English economic and social policy in the 19th century.

Статтю присвячено проблемі відродження публічного релігійного дискурсу в контексті соціокультурних змін, яких західноевропейське суспільство зазнало наприкінці ХХ століття. Науковці на кшталт Юрґена Габермаса й Крейґа Келгуна, котрі ще пів століття тому захищали тезу про неминучість секуляризації і занепад публічної ролі релігії, змушені визнати, що їхні прогнози не лише не справдилися, а й прямо протилежні до сучасних світових тенденцій. Релігія набула глобального геополітичного значення. Утім, на неї не слід дивитися як на важку «неминучість», з якою доводиться мати справу в багатокультурному світі. Релігійні традиції можуть послужити для утвердження ціннісних орієнтирів, морального оновлення ліберальної демократії та створення того, що Чарльз Тейлор назвав «спільним простором ідентичности». ; The article discusses the revival of the public religious discourse in the context of social and cultural changes in the European society of the late 20th century. The scholars who – like Jürgen Habermas or Craig Calhoun – declared the imminence of secularization and the decline of public religion have now been forced to admit that the current global trends are, indeed, quite contrary to what they predicted. Religion has acquired global geopolitical signifi cance. This, however, should not be viewed as an inevitable evil we have to face in the multicultural world. Religious traditions may help strengthen value orientations, foster the moral rehabilitation of liberal democracy, and promote what Charles Taylor calls "shared identity space."