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This article examines the use of English in French magazine advertisements from a linguistic and legal perspective. Following an overview of language policy planning in France, French–English mixing in recent advertising copy is described in terms of both bilingual creativity and strategies used to circumvent the 1994 Toubon Law restricting the use of English in the media. This study provides evidence that, despite this legislation, the French advertising industry is continuing to exploit English as both a lingua franca in international campaigns and a pair-language for mixing that has been specifically tailored to French audiences. This 'Frenglish' mix involves various linguistic strategies, including bilingual hybridization, orthographic modifications, functional conversion and 'visual glossing', among others. The impact of globalization on French advertising discourse is also explored with specific reference to information technology and business terminology. The data presented suggests that Paris agencies are supplying French translations for slogans in compliance with the law while continuing, at the same time, to insert non-translated English in various stages of assimilation in their advertising copy. Despite the government's effort to curb the spread and influence of English in the media, the French advertising landscape continues to reflect consumers' ever-evolving linguistic behaviour and global trends.

Discusses how the US-Mexican border itself, ie, as a barrier measured by wait times, has a chilling economic effect & presents some solutions pursued by ports of entry. Adapted from the source document.

This note reports results of an experimental replication of a 1990-style mail short form census questionnaire during Census 2000. Panels of households were randomly assigned to receive either 1990-style or 2000-style mail questionnaires to evaluate the effects of questionnaire design changes on responses to questions about race & Hispanic origin. The questionnaire changes included dropping examples from both questions. This note considers alternative hypotheses about how examples affect recall & comprehension, & compares experimental panels to assess the effects of examples on detailed Hispanic reporting. There were fewer write-in responses of detailed Hispanic groups & more write-ins of generic Hispanic identities ("Hispanic," "Latino," or "Spanish") in 2000-style questionnaires. This suggests that examples helped respondents understand the specificity of response that was intended by the question; other design differences probably also contributed to the difference in reporting. Some implications of the findings for use of examples in surveys & for comparisons of 1990 & 2000 census data are discussed. 3 Tables, 2 Figures, 11 References. Adapted from the source document.

Data from the 1993 Living Situation Survey (N = 999 households), a pilot study that experimented with expanded roster cues & probes to identify individuals with marginal or tenuous attachments to households, are analyzed to test hypotheses that disagreements among individuals may cause omissions & to evaluate the traditional reliance on household respondents as the source of information about who lives in a household. Results are used to identify categories of persons most at risk of omission due to disagreements & to suggest further directions for research to improve the rostering process in household surveys. 4 Tables, 24 References. M. Pflum