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After considering various definitions & examples of what terrorism is & what it is not, the symbiotic relationship that exists between terrorism & the mass media is investigated. Each exploits the other, & terrorism has no meaning without media coverage in this age of mass communication. Terrorists use mass media for both tactical & strategic purposes. Data were gathered through an examination of how 70 terrorist reports were handled by the Washington Post, The Times (London, England), the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (West Germany), the Jerusalem Post (Israel), & the Egyptian Gazette. A rate of at least 9 incidents per day worldwide was found; the term "terrorist" was used sparingly, with preference going to such neutral terms as "guerrilla," "rebel," & "paramilitary," or no value-laden adjectives at all. Each country, except Egypt, was found to have its pet terrorists. The question of the effectiveness of terrorism is raised: the press gives terrorists publicity, but often omits the propaganda message that terrorists would like to see accompanying reports of their exploits, thus reducing terrorism to mere crime or sabotage. 1 Table, 21 References. Modified HA

Public opinion polling has a long pedigree, and wars, politics, business, and humanitarianism have all been incentives to its development. Its ancestry includes philosophers and social scientists who contributed to the definition of public opinion, which had to be conceptualized before it could be measured. Landowners and social reformers are among those who worked on the methods of social surveys. Journalists, psychologists, and sociologists contributed to the fashioning of questionnaires. Sampling theory was developed by astronomers, mathematicians, and economists, while the methods of data analysis were devised by statisticians, psychologists, and sociologists. All this, when coupled with modern technology, makes polling an indispensable tool of politics, business, and the mass media today.

PO polling has a long pedigree, & wars, politics, business, & humanitarianism have all been incentives to its development. Its ancestry includes philosophers & social scientists who contributed to the definition of PO, which had to be conceptualized before it could be measured. Landowners & social reformers are among those who worked on the methods of social surveys. Journalists, psychologists, & sociologists contributed to the fashioning of questionnaires. Sampling theory was developed by astronomers, mathematicians, & economists, while methods of data analysis were devised by statisticians, psychologists, & sociologists. All this, when coupled with modern technology, makes polling an indispensable tool of politics, business, & the mass media today. HA.

Scientific study, especially since the 1940s, has shown that the conventional wisdom regarding the power of the press requires qualification. For about 20 or 30 years before 1960, communication researchers studied the effects of the mass media in their laboratories, but they were disappointed by the contradictory findings and their inability to replicate them in natural, uncontrolled surroundings. A reversal of their model, so that it is not the communicator but the audience that decides on the messages that are re ceived, resulted in greater consistency in research findings. The new "uses and gratifications" or "information-seeking" theory requires that we distinguish between the informa tional and persuasive role of communication. The mass media are generally unsuccessful in persuading; however, they not only are eminently successful in informing, but on many topics and for most people they are also the sole source of information. This is the underlying principle of the agenda- setting model that is being used in much current research on the effects of mass communication. The mass media not only tell people what to think about, but they are a powerful determinant of the relative importance of the issues they choose to discuss. In this regard, newspapers appear to have an edge over television.

Before 1960, communication researchers studying the effects of the mass media in their laboratories, were disappointed by the contradictory findings & their inability to replicate them in natural, uncontrolled surroundings. A reversal of their model, so that it is not the communicator but the audience that decides on the messages that are received, resulted in greater consistency in research findings. The new "uses & gratifications" or "information-seeking" theory requires distinguishing between the informational & persuasive role of communication. The mass media are generally unsuccessful in persuading; however, they not only are eminently successful in informing, but on many topics & for most people they are also the sole source of information. This is the underlying principle of the agenda-setting model that is being used in much current research on the effects of mass communication. The mass media not only tell people what to think about, but they are a powerful determinant of the relative importance of the issues they choose to discuss. In this regard, newspapers appear to have an edge over TV. Modified HA.