Suchergebnisse

The Italian love affair with sport is passionate, voracious, all-consuming. It provides a backdrop and a narrative to almost every aspect of daily life in Italy and the distinctively pink-coloured newspaper 'La Gazzetta dello Sport' is devoured by over three million hungry readers every day. Narrating the history of modern Italy through its national passion for sport, Sport Italia is a completely new portrayal of one of Europe's most fascinating and chaotic countries. Uncovering the role of major and minor sports in its social, economic and political modernization, Simon Martin connects the politics of each period with the sporting issues, personalities, heroes and villains that have shaped Italy's development. Questioning why sport is so important in Italy, he sheds light on the stereotype of a nation obsessed by football, fights, fast cars and fast women, while showing its broader contribution to mass popular culture, through film, tourism, the Ferrari and the Vespa. Following the highs and lows of the nation's history, from Liberal Italy's sporting pioneers, to Mussolini, the 1960 Rome Olympics and the Berlusconi era, Sport Italia's marathon journey uncovers heroic defeats, national triumphs, canonised cyclists and sporting Popes, along with the drug dealers, fraudsters, terrorists and politicians that have tarnished its name.The one thing capable of uniting Italians, sport is also revealed as one of the nation's greatest sources of division: one that has probed and occasionally widened the deep fractures within its identity. Tracing how sport became a pillar of Italian society and a political football in its own right that has changed the face of Italy, Sport Italia reveals a novel and previously unexplored element of the history of a society and its state, which will be an essential read for sports fans, historians and students alike.

Emerging from the Balkan wars and the London Conference of Ambassadors of 1913, the nation state of Albania frustrated the expansionist ambitions of Serbia and Greece which had planned to partition the area. Early indications suggested Albania would be, potentially, one of the most destabilising regions of the Balkans. This was primarily due to its geographical position vis à vis the Adriatic coast, and to the manner in which the Great Powers deemed Albanian independence an issue of international concern. For Britain, the proximity of the important military base of Malta and the existence of oil in Albania were further reasons why Italian domination had to be checked, and it is of little surprise that Albania quickly became the focus of attention for jealous and covetous eyes.

Wie sollen völkerstrafrechtliche Tribunale darauf reagieren, wenn die Mitgliedsstaaten die Kooperation verweigern und per Haftbefehl gesuchte Angeklagte vor den Augen der Weltöffentlichkeit in Amt und Würden bleiben? Der Großteil der völkerstrafrechtlichen Tribunale findet sich mit dieser Situation ab und konzentriert seine Ressourcen auf andere Verfahren. Manche Tribunale wählen dagegen einen anderen Weg und führen das Verfahren in Abwesenheit des Angeklagten durch. Ausgehend von unterschiedlichen nationalen Rechtsordnungen untersucht diese Arbeit mit einem empirischen Ansatz, in welchem Umfang völkerstrafrechtliche Tribunale solche Abwesenheitsverfahren durchgeführt haben und immer noch durchführen. Hierdurch wird der Boden bereitet, um die Legalität solcher Verfahren aus dem Blickwinkel der Menschenrechte zu untersuchen und um anschließend mithilfe der Straftheorien zu versuchen, Grund und Grenzen des Anwesenheitsgrundsatzes zu bestimmen.

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to seek the potential of an intersectional methodology to scholars interested in processes of exclusion and subordination in organizations in particular the sport sector. The amateur sport sector in New Zealand is used as a case to address the theme: intersectional practices of organizing and their consequences.


Design/methodology/approach
– The conceptual paper brings together strands of interdisciplinary research to model an intersectional framework for future research development. In the paper, the interplay of shifting forms of inequality, inclusion and exclusion that are implicit in processes of elite amateur sport management, are made visible.


Findings
– The paper argues for an intersectional framework to understand the complex processes of inclusion, exclusion and subordination in the elite amateur sport sector. Institutionalized change is a process that can have negative or positive consequences; it depends on perceptions of those affected by it. Sport in the wider environment is portrayed as intrinsically a "good" thing, yet the paper argues that sport reflects and reinforces social inequalities. There is a clear need for intersectional analysis of the work-life experiences of unpaid athletes involved in elite sport development processes.


Originality/value
– The paper argues for the use of intersectionality as a multi-level methodological approach for scholars to understand the complex processes of inclusion, exclusion and subordination in organizations, including those involved in the delivery of elite amateur sport. The authors anticipate this methodological approach will contribute a valuable insight to understanding institutional power dynamics.

AbstractOnline community networks can help organizations improve collaboration. However, in spite of their potential value, there has been little empirical research into two important network factors that determine their success: social characteristics of users and changes in operations that result from network evolution. Our research addresses these deficiencies by using a cultural framework. Derived from anthropology, it extends previous system dynamics research on online community networks. The framework acts as a lens, enabling a better understanding of the effects that changes in these factors bring to online community networks. Using data collected from Wikipedia for model calibration, our findings suggest that, contrary to conventional wisdom, removing policies that focus on building group commitment does not lower performance. The results also show that online networks need structural control, otherwise their attractiveness, credibility and, subsequently, content value might all decrease. To ensure sustainability the network must be monitored, especially during the early stages of its evolution, so that rules and regulations that ensure value and validity can be selectively employed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.