Suchergebnisse

Governments are implementing massive stimulus fiscal packages to mitigate the economic crisis caused by the coronavirus disease. If policymakers want to stimulate the economy through renewable energy investments, policies must focus on financing as the key priority. This is the lesson we draw from the Spanish wind farms in the past financial crisis. Using an economic approach to the drivers of external finance within the backdrop of Spanish windfarms, this work employs a dataset of 318 projects commissioned throughout 2006–2013. The main conclusion from this study is that the financial crisis of 2008 changed the behaviour of Spanish financial institutions towards renewable projects. The pre-crisis period was a time when costly ventures were prone to a higher debt leverage. Post-crisis times, however, punished these types of projects by curbing their access to financial resources. ; Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade de Vigo/CISUG ; Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. RTI2018-093365-B-I00

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade de Vigo/CISUG ; Governments are implementing massive stimulus fiscal packages to mitigate the economic crisis caused by the coronavirus disease. If policymakers want to stimulate the economy through renewable energy investments, policies must focus on financing as the key priority. This is the lesson we draw from the Spanish wind farms in the past financial crisis. Using an economic approach to the drivers of external finance within the backdrop of Spanish windfarms, this work employs a dataset of 318 projects commissioned throughout 2006–2013. The main conclusion from this study is that the financial crisis of 2008 changed the behaviour of Spanish financial institutions towards renewable projects. The pre-crisis period was a time when costly ventures were prone to a higher debt leverage. Post-crisis times, however, punished these types of projects by curbing their access to financial resources. ; Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. RTI2018-093365-B-I00

Context There is growing interest in monitoring palliative care (PC) development internationally. One aspect of this is the ranking of such development for comparative purposes. Objectives To generate a ranking classification and to compare scores for PC development in the countries of the European Union (EU), 2007 and 2013. PC "development" in this study is understood as a combination of the existence of relevant services in a country ("resources") plus the capacity to develop further resources in the future ("vitality"). Methods "Resources" comprise indicators of three types of PC services per population (inpatient palliative care units and inpatient hospices [IPCU], hospital support teams [HST] and home care teams [HCT]). "Vitality" of PC is estimated by numerical scores for the existence of a national association, a directory of services, physician accreditation, attendances at a key European conference and volume of publications on PC development. The leading country (by raw score) is then considered as the reference point against which all other countries are measured. Different weightings are applied to resources (75%) and vitality (25%). From this, an overall ranking is constructed. Results The U.K. achieved the highest level of development (86% of the maximum possible score), followed by Belgium and The Netherlands (81%), and Sweden (80%). In the domain resources, Luxembourg, the U.K. and Belgium were leading. The top countries in vitality were Germany and the U.K. In comparison to 2007, The Netherlands, Malta and Portugal showed the biggest improvements, whereas the positions of Spain, France and Greece deteriorated. Conclusion The ranking method permitted a comparison of palliative care development between countries and shows changes over time. Recommendations for improving the ranking include improvements to the methodology and greater explanation of the levels and changes it reveals.