Suchergebnisse

The topic of this monograph is kinship and affinal relations among the Karo Batak. My reason for selecting this topic is my belief that an understanding of the Karo system of social relations between kin and relatives by marriage is the necessary starting point for an understanding of most other aspects of Karo culture and society. Moreover, the Karo kinship system is similar to the kinship systems of numerous other peoples--including other Batak--which have b

Sexuality is closely related to thefamily resistance, and the safe sexual behavior is considered as a characteristic of faithfulness. However, it seems that the test of a husband's or a wife's faithfulness becomes heavier since the prostitution location can nearly be found everywhere. Sexual freedom in the youth's circle is a sign that such a location will not easily disappear in the earth, because thefreedom becomes one of the prostitution causes.

This article contains further analysis of a comparative study on adolecent reproductive health in four areas: urban and rural Yogyakarta, and urban (Denpasar) and rural Bali. Questions were asked on the attitudes and practice regarding premaritalintercourse, contraception and induced abortion. There were noticeable diffrentials by sex and area. Female respondents have much less sexual experince than male respondents, whereas rural respondents have less sexual experience than urban ones. With regard to attitudes on premarital intercource and induced abortion, Balinese respondents were more permissive than the Javanese. As a matter off act rural Balinese were more permissive than (urban) Yogyakarta respondents.

This article delineates various indices: (a)The Physical Quality of Life Index(PQli) and the Subjective Composite Index used by the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics for making comparisons with the 27 provinces of Indonesia; (b) a revised version of PQLI by adding fertility as a new component developed by Sajogyo and Abustam; (c) the Non-Physical Quality Index, used by the office of the Minister of Population and Environment, and (d) the Human Development Index (HDI), contained in the UNDP: Human Development Report, 1991 and 1992

The Indonesian women have achieved substantial progress over the last few decades and their participation in education, family planning, the labour force, and public life is relatively high by Asian standards. Literacy of women has incresed from 50.3 percent in 1971 to 78.6 percent in 1990; total fertility rates dropped from 5.6 in 1971 to 3-1 in 1991; infant mortality dropped from 143 in 1971 to 70 in 1985; female labour participation rates increased from 32.7 percent in 1980 to 39.2 percent in 1990; the ratio of male to female civil servants dropped from 3-6 in 1978 to 2.1 in 1990.The ratio of male to female member of parliament in Indonesia is lower than Singapore, Malaysia, USA, and Japan. However, many problems should be overcome before Indonesianwomen become fully integrated innational life.

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The Indonesian women have achieved substantial progress over the last few decades and their participation in education, family planning, the labour force, and public life is relatively high by Asian standards. Literacy of women has incresed from 50.3 percent in 1971 to 78.6 percent in 1990; total fertility rates dropped from 5.6 in 1971 to 3-1 in 1991; infant mortality dropped from 143 in 1971 to 70 in 1985; female labour participation rates increased from 32.7 percent in 1980 to 39.2 percent in 1990; the ratio of male to female civil servants dropped from 3-6 in 1978 to 2.1 in 1990.The ratio of male to female member of parliament in Indonesia is lower than Singapore, Malaysia, USA, and Japan. However, many problems should be overcome before Indonesianwomen become fully integrated innational life.

Sistem tempat tinggal atau sistem pemukiman dalam pengertian yang luas -- sifat kampung, bentuk rumah, besarnya dan pembagian ruangan, banyaknya keluarga yang menghuninya, banyaknya rumah rata-rata yang membentuk satu desa -- rapat berkaitan dengan struktur sosial suatu masyarakat. Struktur sosial mengacu kepada jaringan-jaringan sosial yang menghubungkan anggota-anggota masyarakat tertentu pada suatu waktu tertentu. Baik desa mau pun rumah adat Karo tradisional, hanya dapat difahami apabila dihubungkan dengan sistem kekerabatan dan pola tempat tinggal setelah kawin, yang di fihak lain berkaitan erat pula dengan sistem politik tradisional. Hal yang pokok di dalam sistem kekerabatan Karo adalah merga dan sangkep si telu atau dalihan na tolu pada masyarakat Toba.

Abortion is prohibited by the law in Indonesia and it is permitted only on narrow medical grounds, i.e. to save the life of the pregnant woman. The Moslem religious leaders hold the same view.The incidence of illegal abortion is unknown. However, research findings in hospitals show that induced abortion is increasing. Contraceptive failure is one of the important factors for married women which is associated to the motivation to have a relatively small family. Another factor is the changing sexual behaviour of unmarried women. People are much mobile nowadays and are experiencing more sexual stimulations through the mass media, films, and various entertainments.In order to prevent abortion among the unmarried there is thus a growing need for family planning information and services. It is, however, a very sensitive issue, and is unlikely that the government or the non government organizations would provide such services. Even those who experience contraceptive failures in the government family planning program have, in general, no access to save abortion.

Abortion is prohibited by the law in Indonesia and it is permitted only on narrow medical grounds, i.e. to save the life of the pregnant woman. The Moslem religious leaders hold the same view.The incidence of illegal abortion is unknown. However, research findings in hospitals show that induced abortion is increasing. Contraceptive failure is one of the important factors for married women which is associated to the motivation to have a relatively small family. Another factor is the changing sexual behaviour of unmarried women. People are much mobile nowadays and are experiencing more sexual stimulations through the mass media, films, and various entertainments.In order to prevent abortion among the unmarried there is thus a growing need for family planning information and services. It is, however, a very sensitive issue, and is unlikely that the government or the non government organizations would provide such services. Even those who experience contraceptive failures in the government family planning program have, in general, no access to save abortion.