Suchergebnisse

Los paisajes rurales están despertando en Europa un interés creciente debido a la demanda social de paisaje como elemento de calidad de vida y al proceso de ambientalización de la agricultura europea. Dicha preocupación ha generado que el paisaje haya sido incorporado a la agenda política europea y se hayan ido consolidando nuevas relaciones entre el campo y la ciudad. Todo ello está influyendo en que se pongan en marcha acciones destinadas a la defensa y mejora de los paisajes y a una adecuada gestión del territorio, que garantice la integración e implantación de nuevas actividades en los paisajes rurales heredados.European citizens are increasingly interested in the countryside: there is now social demand for countryside as an essential ingredient in our quality of life and European agriculture is undergoing a process of "environmentalisation". This concern has led to the inclusion of countryside issues in the European political agenda and a new relationship between the town and country. All of this has promoted the implementation of actions aimed at defending and improving the countryside and appropriate land management strategies, which guarantee the integration and implementation of new activities in inherited rural landscapes.

The renewed interest in landscape, promoted by the European Landscape Convention of the Council of Europe (2000) (CEP), has been incorporated into the political agenda and into the legislative and instrumental developments of Spanish public administrations, particularly those of the Autonomous Communities and some local administrations. Despite the topicality of the landscape issue, landscape as an object of protection has traditionally been present in Spanish legislation, both in the protection of nature and cultural heritage, as well as in urban planning and other types of sectoral regulations. The comparative study synthesizes the profuse and diverse treatment of landscape in state and autonomous community legislation. The last part deals with the advances and innovations introduced by certain specific laws on landscape approved by the Autonomous Communities for the protection, management and planning of landscape as an element of quality of life and territorial heritage in accordance with the CEP and within the horizon of the Spanish Urban Agenda. ; El renovado interés por el paisaje, impulsado por el Convenio Europeo del Paisaje del Consejo de Europa (2000) (CEP), se ha incorporado a la agenda política y a los desarrollos legislativos e instrumentales de las administraciones públicas españolas, en particular, de las Comunidades Autónomas y de algunas administraciones locales. Pese a la actualidad de la cuestión paisajística, el paisaje como objeto de tutela ha estado presente tradicionalmente en la legislación española, tanto en la de protección de la naturaleza y del patrimonio cultural, como en la urbanística y en otro tipo de normas sectoriales. El Estudio comparado sintetiza el profuso y diverso tratamiento del paisaje en la legislación estatal y autonómica. En la última parte se abordan los avances e innovaciones introducidos por determinadas leyes específicas sobre paisaje aprobadas por las Comunidades Autónomas para la protección, gestión y ordenación del paisaje como elemento de calidad de vida y patrimonio territorial, de acuerdo con el CEP y en el horizonte de la Agenda Urbana Española.

The renewed interest in landscape, promoted by the European Landscape Convention of the Council of Europe (2000) (CEP), has been incorporated into the political agenda and into the legislative and instru-mental developments of Spanish public administrations, particularly those of the Autonomous Communities and some local administrations. Despite the topicality of the landscape issue, landscape as an object of protection has traditionally been present in Spanish legislation, both in the protection of nature and cultural heritage, as well as in urban planning and other types of sectoral regulations. This comparative study synthesizes the profuse and diverse treatment of landscape in state and autonomous community legislation. The last part deals with the advances and innovations introduced by certain specific laws on landscape approved by the Autonomous Communities for the protection, management and planning of landscape as an element of quality of life and territorial heritage in accordance with the CEP and within the horizon of the Spanish Urban Agenda. ; El renovado interés por el paisaje, impulsado por el Convenio Europeo del Paisaje del Consejo de Europa (2000) (CEP), se ha incorporado a la agenda política y a los desarrollos legislativos e instrumentales de las administraciones públicas españolas, en particular, de las Comunidades Autónomas y de algunas administraciones locales. Pese a la actualidad de la cuestión paisajística, el paisaje como objeto de tutela ha estado presente tradicionalmente en la legislación española, tanto en la de protección de la naturaleza y del patrimonio cultural, como en la urbanística y en otro tipo de normas sectoriales. Este Estudio comparado sintetiza el profuso y diverso tratamiento del paisaje en la legislación estatal y autonómica. En la última parte se abordan los avances e innovaciones introducidos por determinadas leyes específicas sobre paisaje aprobadas por las Comunidades Autónomas para la protección, gestión y ordenación del paisaje como elemento de calidad de vida y patrimonio territorial, de acuerdo con el CEP y en el horizonte de la Agenda Urbana Española.

The article sumarizes the role of communal land associations in reafforestation operations held during the last fifty years in the river Sorbe basin, located north of the Guadalajara province. For this purpose, masive actuations wich took place during the years 1950 to 1970 are compared to recent agricole reafforestation policies wich were included in the P.A.C. reform approved in 1992. This case-study provides the oportunity to discuss the variable significance of communal forest during a period of deep social, economic and political transformations. ; El artículo da cuenta de papel desempeñado por las sociedades de vecinos en las opciones en las operaciones repobladoras desarrolladas en la cuenca alta del río Sorbe, al norte de la provincia de Guadalajara, durante el último medio siglo. Para ello se comparan las actuacciones masivas de los años 50 a 70, con la aplicación de las recientes medidas de reforestación de tierras agrícolas, de acompañamiento de la reforma de la P.A.C. aprobada en 1992. El estudio de caso realizado es también una buena oportunidad para reflexionar sobre el cambiante significado de los montes de vecinos a lo largo de una etapa de profunda transformación socioeconómica y política.

Green infrastructure (GI), as a concept and as a tool for environmental land-use planning at various scales, has burst onto the academic, political, and policy-making scenes in the last two decades. This tool, associated with strategic planning, offers integrated solutions for improving the ecological connectivity and urban resilience of open spaces, especially those affected by processes of urban sprawl, the abandonment of agriculture, and the territorial fragmentation of habitats and traditional agricultural landscapes. In spite of the advantages of GI, its design and implementation face a range of challenges and limitations. In this context, this paper has two objectives: Firstly, to address a critical review of recent literature on the subject, which, among other things, highlights the lack of references to the role of peri-urban agriculture in GI planning, and the positive contribution made by peri-urban agriculture to the local food supply and other regulatory and cultural services. Secondly, to propose a methodology to contribute to integrating practical GI planning in metropolitan regions to maximize the activation of traditional agricultural landscapes and the improvement of landscape connectivity in metropolitan regions for the reconnection of rural-urban relationships ; This research has received funding from the research project "Paisaje y Huerta de Madrid" (PDRR-I8 agreement Autonomous University-IMIDRA) co-financed by the European Union through the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development, Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, Foodstuffs and the Environment and the Community of Madrid-IMIDRA Rural Development Program 2014–2020, and the ongoing research project SAMUTER from the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development and the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, Foodstuffs and the Environment, in the 2018 call, submeasure 16.1 within the framework of National Rural Development Program 2014–2020

Estas páginas contienen un apretado resumen de algunas de las cuestiones y debates suscitados en el Coloquio Internacional Agricultures et paysanneries en Amérique Latine. Mutation et récompositions, celebrado en Toulouse, durante los días 13 y 14 de diciembre de 1990. La pluridisciplinariedad y el predominio de estudios de casos permiten disponer de un panorama rico y variado de comportamientos y respuestas de la agricultura, y especialmente del campesinado, ante las políticas de ajuste puestas en marcha por la mayor parte de los países del área, en respuesta a la crisis económica de los ochenta. ; Ces pages contiennet un résumé serré de certaines de questions et des débats soulevés au cours du Colloque International, Agricultures et paysanneries en Amérique Ltine. Mutations et récompositions, qui s'est déroulé à Toulouse du 13 au 14 décembre de disposer d'un panorama riche et varié des comportements et des réponses de l'agriculture, notamment du paysannat, en ce qui concerne les politiques d'ajustement mises en fonctionnement dans la plupart des pays de la zone afin de pallier la crise économique des années 80. ; This paper contains a concise summary of some of the issues and discussions arising from the International Coloquium Agricultures et paysanneries en Amérique Latine. Mutations et récompositions held in Toulouse on 13-14th december 1990. The multi-disciplinary nature of the contributions and the predominance of case studes provided a rich and varied overview of the behaviour and reactions from agriculture, particularly the farming community, to the adjustment policies adopted in most of the countries in the area as a response to the economic crisis of the eighties.

This paper discusses, according to the European Landscape Convention (Council of Europe), the landscape management as matter of public policy and governance. It focuses on the metropolitan area of Madrid, putting in relation landscape knowledge and public action in two closely related scales: the territorial scale, landscapes of rural and natural dominance and low urbanization until now, and the scale of cities and their peripheries in a context of urban region. Paper shows both, methodological proposals and empirical results of characterization and evaluation study of landscape carried out for the whole of the Region of Madrid; and, with a specific method, for the urban area of Getafe, in the Toledo metropolitan corridor. It concludes the need for more and better knowledge to develop an explicit policy in favour of the conservation and improvement of the landscape values, but also the adoption of a strategic instrument of territorial planning which democratic quality, that provides cohesion and prudence to the government of the territory. Madrid Autonomous Region Regional Government recent political decisions authorizing housing developments in countryside, text criticizes, are not going in the right direction.

Periurban agriculture is being hit by the effects of the globalized food system, as well as by concrete aspects of urban sprawl. Nonetheless, proximity to the main markets provides an opportunity to sustain agriculture in highly urbanized areas. In this sense, an increasing number of local initiatives is arising within the context of Short Food Supply Chains (SFSCs). The economic impact of these initiatives, however, is limited by problems and inefficiencies that hinder their capacity to scale up. The present paper sets forth the results of a research project developed in Madrid and Cataluña. The study is based upon documentary and empirical research addressing the main problems periurban farmers are facing in relation to local food distribution. Among other factors, these refer to regulatory barriers, logistics, competition and dealing with consumers' preferences. We conducted a questionnaire with a representative group of farmers from each region in three towns presenting different demographic sizes along with another questionnaire extended to the owners of small grocery stores, who play a vital role in the supply of fresh food in these municipalities. Our research demonstrates that most of the problems arising when dealing with SFSCS can be solved by introducing new forms of cooperation among the different agents of the food chain ; This research was funded by the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) and Ministerio de Agricultura y Pesca, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente (Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, Foodstuffs and the Environment), grant number 72,228.18 Euros, funded 100% by the European Union, in the "Convocatoria 2018 y submedida 16.1 en el marco del Programa Nacional de Desarrollo Rural 2014–2020 (2018 call and sub-measure 16.1 within the framework of National Rural Development Programme 2014–2020)".

Periurban agriculture is being hit by the effects of the globalized food system, as well as by concrete aspects of urban sprawl. Nonetheless, proximity to the main markets provides an opportunity to sustain agriculture in highly urbanized areas. In this sense, an increasing number of local initiatives is arising within the context of Short Food Supply Chains (SFSCs). The economic impact of these initiatives, however, is limited by problems and inefficiencies that hinder their capacity to scale up. The present paper sets forth the results of a research project developed in Madrid and Cataluña. The study is based upon documentary and empirical research addressing the main problems periurban farmers are facing in relation to local food distribution. Among other factors, these refer to regulatory barriers, logistics, competition and dealing with consumers' preferences. We conducted a questionnaire with a representative group of farmers from each region in three towns presenting different demographic sizes along with another questionnaire extended to the owners of small grocery stores, who play a vital role in the supply of fresh food in these municipalities. Our research demonstrates that most of the problems arising when dealing with SFSCS can be solved by introducing new forms of cooperation among the different agents of the food chain. ; This research was funded by the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) and Ministerio de Agricultura y Pesca, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente (Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, Foodstuffs and the Environment), grant number 72,228.18 Euros, funded 100% by the European Union, in the "Convocatoria 2018 y submedida 16.1 en el marco del Programa Nacional de Desarrollo Rural 2014–2020 (2018 call and sub-measure 16.1 within the framework of National Rural Development Programme 2014–2020)".