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Since 1990, education has been the focus of policy initiatives relating to national development, and public investment has increased. However, highquality education remains an elusive aspiration for the majority of children, and the educational 'good' which is distributed is far from standard in Chile. The achievement gap between income groups and between the different school types is widening and confidence in the public education system is falling. This article analyses the tensions inherent in implementing policies that aim to promote equity within a market-oriented education system, supported by a legislative framework that constrains policy changes that might depart from a neoliberal model. It examines how the provision and financing of education have become increasingly privatized; how student enrolment has shifted dramatically from state to privately-run schools; and how parental choice in education is contributing to the growing stratification of the education system by social class. Resumen: Tensiones entre el estado y el Mercado en Chile: políticas educativas y culturaDesde 1990, la educación ha sido el foco de las iniciativas de la política referente al desarrollo nacional y la inversión pública ha aumentado. Sin embargo, una educación de alta calidad sigue siendo una aspiración evasiva para la mayoría de niños y el 'bien educativo' que se distribuye está lejos de ser estandarizado en Chile. La brecha del logro entre los grupos socioeconómicos y entre los diversos tipos de escuela se está ensanchando y la confianza en el sistema educativo público está bajando. Este artículo analiza las tensiones inherentes a la hora de implementar políticas que apunten a promover la equidad dentro de un sistema educativo orientado hacia el libre mercado, apoyado por un marco legislativo que restringe los cambios de política que pudieran salirse del modelo neoliberal. Examina cómo la entrega y el financiamiento de la educación se han privatizado cada vez más; cómo la matrícula ha cambiado dramáticamente, pasando de la oferta estatal a la privada; y cómo la preferencia de los padres está contribuyendo a una estratificación por clase social cada vez mayor del sistema educativo.

Abstract
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This paper focuses on SERNAM, the state institution responsible for the incorporation of gender into public policy in Chile, and the actions taken by the state to benefit women employed in the modern agricultural sector. It charts the emergence of the demands for such an institution by the women's movement, and the creation of SERNAM as an integral part of the transition to democracy. In particular, the paper analyses the Programme for the Children of the Temporeras, which is a unique state‐led initiative to provide childcare facilities to enable women to enter the seasonal labour market during the summer months. The paper explores the complex relations between gender, the state, capitalist agriculture and patriarchal structures, with the aim of highlighting the sometimes unexpected convergence of interests, and the points of conflict.