Suchergebnisse

Objective: To define the role and scope of nursing practice within the global context of the euthanasia process by reviewing international legislation and scientific literature. Background: Euthanasia is a controversial ethical topic that has been widely discussed. The provision of euthanasia involves a multidisciplinary health care team, in which nurses often have secondary roles. However, nurses play key roles in all major healthcare processes. As increasing numbers of countries are currently regulating or considering the inclusion of euthanasia as a healthcare service, there is an urgent need to define nurses' roles and participation in this process. Design: A scoping review of research published in English, Spanish, French, Dutch, or Portuguese between 1992 and April 2021 was undertaken. Medline (PubMed), CinahlPlus, EMBASE, WoS, PsycInfo, and Scopus were searched for eligible articles. Methods: Data were analysed using an adapted version of Arksey and O'Malley's framework methodology. A total of 31 scientific papers, and 11 legislation documents were included. Results: Analyses of current laws showed that few territories have legislation with well-defined nurses' roles. Based on the scientific research, we identified 15 roles and 80 tasks nurses assume during the euthanasia process. We divided our results into five categories: initial care and accompaniment, evaluation of patient's condition, euthanasia procedure, debriefing and notification, and overall role. Conclusions: Nurses perform tasks throughout the euthanasia process. The review of the current legislation and the existing body of scientific literature showed a lack of legislation of the roles nurses assume, thus leading them to participate in practices outside of the legal framework. Policymakers should take into consideration the wide range of roles and tasks nurses assume in the provision of euthanasia to meet their educational and support needs and ensure they are effectively included in this complex process. ; This study received a research ...

When looking at life expectancy (LE) by sex, women live longer than men in all countries. Biological factors alone do not explain gender differences in LE, and examining structural differences may help illuminate other explanatory factors. The aim of this research is to analyse the influence of gender inequality on the gender gap in LE globally. We have carried out a regression analysis between the gender gap in relativised LE and the UN Gender Inequality Index (GII), with a sensitivity analysis conducted for its three dimensions, stratified by the six World Health Organization (WHO) regions. We adjusted the model by taking into consideration gross national income (GNI), democratic status and rural population. The results indicated a positive association for the European region (ß=0.184) and the Americas (ß=0.136) in our adjusted model. Conversely, for the African region, the relations between gender equality and the LE gender gap were found to be negative (ß=-0.125). The findings suggest that in the WHO European region and the Americas, greater gender equality leads to a narrowing of the gender LE gap, while it has a contrary relationship in Africa. We suggest that this could be because only higher scores in the GII between men and women show health benefits. ; This work was supported by the UK Academy of Medical Sciences Global Challenges Research Fund Networking Grant under Grant ACP Ref No. 102292 'Punching above their weight: Building capacity for research on some countries have better life expectancies than predicted by national income.'

Abstract: Nursing sta who provide care in the nursing homes of Catalonia have more precarious work conditions, including more demanding schedules and work overload, than those in other areas of care. This situation entails two major problems: Detrimental health results for nurses who face psychosocial and physical risks and a negative impact on the care provided to patients, with a decrease in the quality of care. This study aimed to describe the precarious employment situation of nursing sta in nursing homes. We carried out a descriptive study based on the employment precariousness scale (EPRES), which was administered to a sample of 239 nurses and nursing assistants working in public and private nursing homes in Catalonia. The highest level of job insecurity occurred among nursing assistants and in privately managed nursing homes. The precariousness of the working conditions of nursing sta poses a risk both to the workers themselves and to the people they tend to. For this reason, there is a need for greater knowledge on the scale of the problem and the implementation of appropriate legislative measures to alleviate it. ; This research was funded by the College of Nursing of Lleida, the Council of Nursing of Catalonia, and the University of Lleida, grant number 089352. We gratefully acknowledge all the participants in this study and UBiostat Unit in Institute of Biomedical Research in Lleida for supporting data analysis.

Nursing staff who provide care in the nursing homes of Catalonia have more precarious work conditions, including more demanding schedules and work overload, than those in other areas of care. This situation entails two major problems: Detrimental health results for nurses who face psychosocial and physical risks and a negative impact on the care provided to patients, with a decrease in the quality of care. This study aimed to describe the precarious employment situation of nursing staff in nursing homes. We carried out a descriptive study based on the employment precariousness scale (EPRES), which was administered to a sample of 239 nurses and nursing assistants working in public and private nursing homes in Catalonia. The highest level of job insecurity occurred among nursing assistants and in privately managed nursing homes. The precariousness of the working conditions of nursing staff poses a risk both to the workers themselves and to the people they tend to. For this reason, there is a need for greater knowledge on the scale of the problem and the implementation of appropriate legislative measures to alleviate it.

Critical gaps exist in our knowledge on how best to provide quality person-centered care to long-term care (LTC) home residents which is closely tied to not knowing what the ideal staff is complement in the home. A survey was created on staffing in LTC homes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic to determine how the staff complement changed. Perspectives were garnered from researchers, clinicians, and policy experts in eight countries and the data provides a first approximation of staffing before and during the pandemic. Five broad categories of staff working in LTC homes were as follows: (1) those responsible for personal and support care, (2) nursing care, (3) medical care, (4) rehabilitation and recreational care, and (5) others. There is limited availability of data related to measuring staff complement in the home and those with similar roles had different titles making it difficult to compare between countries. Nevertheless, the survey results highlight that some categories of staff were either absent or deemed non-essential during the pandemic. We require standardized high-quality workforce data to design better decision-making tools for staffing and planning, which are in line with the complex care needs of the residents and prevent precarious work conditions for staff.

Objetivo: Valorar la influencia de la precariedad laboral y la exclusión social en la salud de hombres ymujeres migrantes que trabajan en el sector agrícola en Espa ̃na.Método: Se recogerán datos cualitativos y cuantitativos en cuatro comunidades autónomas (Catalu ̃na, LaRioja, Murcia y Andalucía) entre 2021 y 2022. En una primera fase se realizarán entrevistas personalessemiestructuradas, con un mínimo de 40 informantes clave profesionales o expertos (de ONG, asocia-ciones, sanidad, servicios sociales, sindicatos, cooperativas agrícolas, política y mediadores culturales).En una segunda fase se combinarán entrevistas personales con técnicas cualitativas participativas (bodymapping y photovoice), con 40 hombres y mujeres migrantes jornaleros/as. En una tercera fase se reali-zará un estudio transversal con una muestra estimada de 400-500 migrantes jornaleros/as basada en laEncuesta Nacional de Salud y la Encuesta de Condiciones de Vida. ; Objective: To assess the influence of job insecurity and social exclusion on the health of migrant men andwomen working in the agricultural sector in Spain.Method: Qualitative and quantitative data will be collected in four Spanish autonomous regions (Catalo-nia, La Rioja, Murcia, and Andalusia) between 2021 and 2022. First, semi-structured personal interviewswith at least 40 professional key informants or experts (from NGOs, associations, health, social servi-ces, trade unions, agricultural cooperatives, politics, and cultural mediators). Second, semi-structuredpersonal interviews combined with participatory techniques (body mapping and photovoice) will beconducted with 40 migrant men and women working in agriculture. Thirdly, a cross-sectional study withan estimated sample of 400–500 migrants working in agriculture, based on the National Health Surveyand the Living Conditions Survey