Suchergebnisse

El objetivo del artículo es proponer una lectura renovada de un libro considerado como un modelo de historia social desde su publicación en 1929. Su autor, Juan Díaz del Moral, no era historiador profesional sino notario en un pueblo cordobés, Bujalance, y labrador olivarero. Lo que hizo en la Historia de las agitaciones campesinas andaluzas fue analizar las razones del fracaso de las luchas sociales impulsadas en la campiña cordobesa por el anarquismo a principios del siglo XX, especialmente durante el trienio 1918-1920. Diputado en las Cortes Constituyentes de la Segunda República, Díaz del Moral desempeñó un importante papel en la elaboración de la reforma agraria, negándose finalmente a satisfacer la aspiración al reparto que, según él, era propia del pequeño campesinado. Basándose en las reformas llevadas a cabo en Europa a raíz de la Primera Guerra Mundial –objeto de un libro póstumo publicado por un hijo suyo–, se reafirmó en la voluntad de fomentar una agricultura moderna basada en el gran cultivo y el acceso progresivo a la propiedad de los arrendatarios. Pertenecía a esta burguesía europeizante que, a partir de un análisis diferencial de las estructuras productivas, pensaba apaciguar las tensiones sociales por la colaboración del capital y del trabajo. ; This article aims at suggesting a fresh reading of a book considered as a model for social history since its publication in 1929. Its author, Juan Díaz del Moral, was not a professional historian, but a notary of a village in Córdoba, Bujalance, and an olive grower. He analyzed the reasons of the social struggle in the countryside of Córdoba ‐inspired by anarchism‐ at the beginning of the 20th century, especially in the triennium 1918‐1920. As a member of the parliament that passed the constitution of the II Republic in 1931, he played a major role in the design of the project of agrarian reform, rejecting the demands of land redistribution that according to him were popular among small peasants. Inspired by the reforms carried out after the Great War —a subject he dealt with in a book published posthumously by one of his sons— he underlined the will to foster a modern agriculture based upon large estates and the gradual access of leaseholders to land property. He belonged to the pro‐European bourgeoisie that, relying on a differential analysis of productive structures, found in the collaboration between capital and labour the possible way to appease social tensions.

Jacques Maurice: The State of autonomies : affirmations of identities and new lectures of history.
The current rule of democracy in Spain is based on a transfer of authority from the central administration to the seventeen autonomous communities that make up the country. The term "self-government" is full of a symbolism - cultural as well as linguistic - which follows the example of policy over "historical nationalities". Supported by a tradition championed by the Academies, Spanish nationalism claims to found the legitimacy of the nation-state on history, while simultaneously criticising the way in which history is taught.