Suchergebnisse

The actuality of the research upon which the article is based is substantiated on the fact that human capital is one of the key factors of socio-economic development of the country and its regions. The aim of the work was to study the content of human capital, estimate the human capital of the region through representations of its residents. The article considers definitions of human capital within the framework of economic and sociological sciences, the concept of «human capital of region», approaches to the structure of human capital. The article presents the results of research of human capital conducted in six border regions of Russia: the Altai krai, the Khabarovsk krai, the Republic of Buryatia, Belgorod, Voronezh and Chelyabinsk oblasts. The article presents the analysis of subjective representations about the quality of human capital, including opinions of the population on the state of health, quality of knowledge gained in the process of education, its demand, job satisfaction and its conditions. An attempt was made to estimate the potential of health, education and labor capital of the six regions studied.

The religious identity of Russian citizens in modern conditions is transformed under the influence of socio-cultural processes of a global nature, often taking individualized forms and combined with practices of reviving interest in religion and its protective, compensatory functions in conditions of uncertainty. In 2022-2023, with the support of the Russian Science Foundation, a sociological study was conducted to examine religious identity, religious practices and spiritual security in the border regions (Altai Territory, Altai Republic, Tyva Republic and Novosibirsk Region, 1868 people). The population of the border regions gravitates towards Orthodoxy (36%), however, significant differentiations in the regional refraction of the religious mosaic. Orthodoxy prevails in the Altai Territory and the Novosibirsk Region, shamanism prevails in Tyva (52%), Burkhanism is represented in the Altai Republic (16%). Moreover, an index of religiosity based on the Huber methodology was calculated in the study. The index is built on the integration of the five structural components of religiosity: intellectual, ideological, public and personal religious practices, and religious experience. The average index of religiosity was 2.41 points, the most religious is the population of the Tuva Republic (2.75), followed by the Altai Republic (2.52), index values below the test norm (2.45) were recorded in the Altai Territory (2.36) and the Novosibirsk Region (2.16). Ideas about religiosity and spirituality are changing and acquiring new meanings in the light of changing social relations between believers and non-believers, emerging new practices and religious organizations.

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that socio-economic conditions determine the effectiveness of human capital, and are also an indicator of its implementation and reproduction, reflecting regional specifics in the conditions of significant heterochrony of modern Russian society. The purpose of the article is to analyze the regional socio-economic mechanisms of the crisis functioning of human capital, the problems of institutionalization of management of this phenomenon. The factors and conditions of socio-economic conditionality of the processes of education and labor of the population of six Russian territories are analyzed. The approach of complex analysis of the research data is used, taking into account demographic, socio-economic indicators. The results of empirical verification of the effectiveness of human capital are presented. Its regional trends are described. Conclusions are drawn that the results of a comprehensive study of economic, institutional, social, behavioral peculiarities the vital activity of the population allows not only to identify current trends, but also to suggest ways to optimize them.