Suchergebnisse

En este artículo se hace un repaso por lo que ha sido la historia del turismo en Rusia. Nos remontamos a una etapa inicial en la que turismo está protagonizado, al igual que sucedía en la Europa occidental por viajeros en busca de formación, conocimientos científicos y geográficos, así como por motivos de salud y de peregrinajes religiosos. Posteriormente, estudiamos cómo fue el turismo en la Unión Soviética; se abrieron oficinas turísticas en fábricas, clubes y en los cuarteles del ejército rojo; son tiempos en los que los bolcheviques politizan el turismo y lo utilizan como herramienta ideológica para sus intereses. Se concluye en el periodo actual en el que se ha cambiado el escenario turístico en Rusia, con un desarrollo muy significativo, cobrando mayor peso específico en el turismo internacional y con una gran valoración por su capacidad de gasto. ; This article is a revision of history of tourism in Russia. We go back to initial time when people traveled with purpose of search of scientific and geographical information, as it was happed in the Western Europe, as well as health travels and religious pilgrimage. Then we analyze how was the tourism in the Soviet Union; tourist offices were opened in factories, clubs and in the red army. It was a time when the Bolsheviks politicize the tourism and use it as an ideological tool for their interests. Finally we describe the current period when the tourism in Russia has been changed with a significant development, and now the Russian tourism has the important role in the international tourism and good evaluation for its expense capacity.

En el presente artículo se exponen las repercusiones que la crisis económica ha tenido en el paisaje de un territorio de sudeste de España, la comarca de la Vega Baja del Segura, tras la ruptura de la "burbuja inmobiliaria". Se trata de un territorio que, en las últimas décadas, ha basado su economía en el turismo residencial, lo que ha provocado su ocupación desmedida. Con el inicio de la crisis económica se produce una situación paradójica. Por un lado, las obras se pararon y se dejaron sin terminar, algunas zonas comenzaron a vaciarse con el retorno de los turistas residenciales a sus lugares de origen, el vandalismo, el expolio y la ocupación ilegal de edificios y viviendas se fueron haciendo cada vez más presentes, viéndose deteriorada la imagen en zonas turísticas. Paralelamente, las obras públicas continuaron en un intento, por parte de las administraciones, de frenar o paliar la precaria situación económica y la casi total paralización del sector de la construcción. El texto se basa en un estudio con trabajo de campo etnográfico. ; This article describes the impact that economic crisis has had on the landscape of an area of southeastern Spain, the region of the Vega Baja del Segura, following the breakdown of the "housing bubble". It is a territory that, in recent decades, has based its economy on residential tourism, which has led to its excessive occupation. With the start of economic crisis a paradoxical situation occurs. On the one hand the building works were stopped and building unfinished, some areas began to empty with the return of residential tourists to their hometowns, vandalism, looting and illegal occupation of buildings and houses, looking deteriorating image in tourist areas. In parallel, public building works continued in an attempt by the government, to curb or alleviate the precarious economic situation and the almost total cessation of the construction sector. This text is based on a study ethnographic fieldwork.

Is the residential tourist model a type of development which is accepted by society? This question will be answered using the qualitative analysis of the discourses made by the main social actors involved in the dynamics of this process in the host societies. The information has been gathered via 45 in-depth interviews from the stakeholders who are directly involved (hotel managers, managers of travel agencies, estate agents and housing developers), as well as those who are indirectly involved (presidents of trade associations, bank managers) and those in administration (Tourist office staffs, councillors from all of the political parties). Our field of research is the Costa Blanca on the Spanish Mediterranean coast where residential tourism has been recognised as the dominant tourist typology when compared with other development models. Three basic thematic areas can be identified around which the information has been arranged: the economic, geoenvironmental and the socio-cultural dimensions. The dominant discourse tendency produces arguments which are closer to legitimation of the residential tourism model than to resistant. ; Supported by two R&D projects: 'Legitimation problems of residential tourism: action proposals from an analysis of social perception' (SEJ2006 14620/SOCI) funded by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science and 'The social perception of residential tourism development: its ideological context within the host societies' funded by the R&D Valencia Government Programme (AE/2007/070).