Suchergebnisse

This research examines the influence of situational ethics on cheating among college students. The analysis of responses from 6,096 students at thirty‐one diverse schools suggests that neutralization is a significant factor in justifying the violation of institutional norms on academic honesty. Although cheating is generally seen as wrong, students identify many situations in which they feel cheating is acceptable.

Most models of the strategy formulation process suggest organization performance is related, to at least some degree, to the ability of top management to accurately assess the external environment and to reach a degree of consensus in this assessment. The research reported here tested these assertions within two distinct industry segments, U.S. producers of corrugated shipping containers and U.S. passenger airlines, andfound very limited support for these relationships. The results suggest that in complex, unstable environments, accuracy and consensus in assessing environmental uncertainty may actually detract from organization performance. Directions for future research are recommended.

This manuscript develops and explores two ideas: (1) that perceptions of environmental uncertainty are after-the-fact rationalizations used by decision makers to explain strong or weak effectiveness assessments, and (2) that different contexts motivate different sense-making outcomes. The findings, based on a sample of senior decision makers from 34 firms in two industries, suggest that assessments of effectiveness and perceptions of environmental uncertainty are related through decision makers' sense-making efforts. The manuscript also addresses the limitations and implications of these results.

Research suggests that the majority of U.S. undergraduate students have engaged in some form of misconduct while completing their academic work, despite knowing that such behaviour is ethically or morally wrong. U.S.-based studies have also identified myriad personal and institutional factors associated with academic misconduct. Implicit in some of these factors are several institutional strategies that may be implemented to support academic integrity: revisiting the values and goals of higher education, recommitting to quality in teaching and assessment practice, establishing effective policies and invigilation practices, providing educational opportunities and support for all members of the university community, and using (modified) academic honour codes. There is a dearth of similar research in Canada despite growing recognition that academic misconduct is a problem on Canadian campuses. This paper suggests that Canadian higher education can learn much from the U.S. experience and calls for both a recommitment to academic integrity and research on academic misconduct in Canadian higher education institutions. ; La littérature suggère que la majorité des étudiants de premier cycle aux États-Unis ont pratiqué au moins une forme de malhonnêteté académique dans la préparation de leur travail universitaire, et ce bien qu'ils sachent qu'un tel comportement contrevient à l'éthiqueet à la morale. Les recherches américaines ont également identifi é de nombreux facteurs personnels et institutionnels associés aux conduites inappropriées. Ces facteurs sont implicitement reliés à plusieurs stratégies institutionnelles qui peuvent être appliquées pour soutenir la probité intellectuelle: mettre à jour les valeurs et les buts de l'enseignement supérieur, renouveler l'engagement envers la qualité de l'enseignement et de l'évaluation, établir des politiques et des pratiques de surveillance efficaces, offrir un soutien à tous les membres de la communauté universitaire et utiliser des codes d'honneur universitaire modifiés. Au Canada, malgré l'identification de problèmes de probité intellectuelle sur les campus, il y a pénurie de recherche sur ce sujet. Cet article suggère que l'enseignement supérieur canadien a beaucoup à apprendre de l'expérience américaine et lance un appel favorable tant à un renouveau de l'engagement envers la probité intellectuelle qu'à un accroissement de la recherche sur ce sujet dans les institutions canadiennes d'enseignement supérieur