Suchergebnisse

This article offers some reflections on the lessons readers might take from the papers in this special issue. These are framed through consideration of three key themes: Scottishness, nationhood and national identity; the search for belonging, not least in relation to migrants' emotional responses to Brexit; and the practical questions that Brexit poses for citizenship(s) and 'settled' status. In considering these themes, attention is drawn towards three areas which are ripe for further study. Several of the articles bring into focus the notion of Scottish exceptionalism, provoking questions about what impacts this exceptionalism, or perhaps more importantly perceptions of it, may have at policy and attitudinal levels. Questions too, are posed about the heterogeneity of perception, experience and response to Brexit amongst ECE migrants in Scotland. Finally, it can be seen that Brexit has been a protracted process and a source of anxiety and anguish, not least for those who have made Scotland their home. Looking forward, there will be more Brexit related tension to come, a prospect hugely complicated by the impacts of Covid-19.

Employment policies have conventionally focused on the transition from welfare to work. However, many of those who leave out-of-work benefits for employment return to them again relatively quickly, meaning that some people cycle between work and welfare for much of their working lives. This article draws on 130 semi-structured interviews with work-welfare 'cyclers', service providers and employers in Glasgow and Dundee, Scotland, to investigate the causes of these detrimental transitions. An argument is developed which contends that 'bad' attitudes to paid work and 'bad' types of such work to varying degrees lie behind this form of labour market disadvantage.

Purpose
This paper aims to stimulate the nascent research agenda on the environmental sustainability of the ongoing mushrooming of international student mobility (ISM). The higher education (HE) system in the UK and elsewhere is increasingly predicated upon the hosting of international students. Whilst this drive towards internationalisation undoubtably has multiple benefits, little attention thus far has been paid to its potentially very considerable environmental impact. The drive for internationalisation within HE thus potentially sits at odds with ambitions and strategies to promote sustainability within the sector and beyond.


Design/methodology/approach
In-depth interviews with 21 students and representatives of 14 university international offices offer insights into how the environment features in the decisions that young people and HE institutions make with regards to partaking in and promoting education-related mobility.


Findings
The results find that students take environmental considerations into account when undertaking education-related mobility, but these aspirations are often secondary to logistical issues concerning the financial cost and longer travel times associated with greener travel options. At the institutional scale, vociferously championed university sustainability agendas have yet to be reconciled with the financial imperative to recruit evermore international students.


Originality/value
This paper identifies a thus far neglected contradiction within HE whereby the sustainability agenda that it so rightly espouses is potentially undermined by the drive towards internationalisation. The paper uses the anthropause concept to consider the future environmental sustainability of ISM.

The inward mobility of labour can serve as a driver of economic growth and the immigration policies of many countries are orientated towards this end. However immigration is also a contentious issue, with the general public often displaying hostility towards liberal immigration policies. The compromises between economic and political considerations that states make when developing immigration policy are poorly theorised in academic literature. The study contributes to conceptual understandings of the voices of 'elites' in the political-economy of immigration policy through a critical interrogation of the narratives and preferences of employers in the context of the ongoing Scottish constitutional change debate.

Scotland is often perceived as having a relatively welcoming view towards migrants and is presented as such by its politicians and policymakers. This positioning sits within a broader political context in which the Scottish Government favours immigration but has limited policy levers with which to directly influence it. This paper seeks to scrutinise the supposition that Scotland can be seen as 'different' to the rest of the UK in terms of how immigration is perceived in the public realm. This is pursued through the analysis of attitudinal data to explore public views on migration, the potential drivers of these perceptions and their implications for future immigration policy in the context of the 2014 referendum on the constitutional future of Scotland. The research finds that the public in Scotland does hold relatively positive views towards migration and that this could be related to Scotland's particular experience of population in and out movements. However there is evidence of some (growing) hostility towards migration on the part of the general public in Scotland and a possible link between nationalist leanings and opposition to 'Others'. These findings have significant implications for debates regarding possible future immigration policies in Scotland.

Millions of dollars and thousands of hours of time were devoted to television coverage of the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal. The objective of this coverage was not the repor ting of the details of each sporting evènt. Rather, the television outlets, particularly America's ABC Network, actually devoted more time to promoting their own programming and to covering the events (restaurant tours) peripheral to the sporting activity.

Climate change in California could have a large impact on the state's economy, natural and managed ecosystems, and human health and mortality. In an effort to mitigate such consequences, Governor Schwarzenegger signed Executive Order S-3-05 in 2005, and the state passed landmark legislation, the Global Warming Solutions Act (AB32), in 2006. The Executive Order calls for an 80% reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions relative to 1990 levels by 2050. The 80% reduction goal is not based on known mitigation options, but rather on emissions rates that are thought to be needed to stabilize atmospheric concentrations of GHGs before catastrophic climate changes occur. As a result, strategies for meeting this ambitious target have not been clearly defined, and the technology and policy options are not well understood. This report explores how the 80% reduction goal (80in50) may be met in the transportation sector, the largest contributor to GHG emissions in California.