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"Many contemporary readers are just now discovering Adam Smith's The Theory of Moral Sentiments (TMS). It is increasingly being recognised as a foundational text in moral philosophy and in Adam Smith's oeuvre more generally. This is the first companion to guide readers through TMS and uncover what Smith thinks, why he thinks it, why he might be wrong to think it! While Adam Smith is best known for a Wealth of Nations there is a history of seriously misinterpreting this text as an unnuanced celebration of unfettered capitalism. The Theory of Moral Sentiments is a kind of corrective to these naïve readings. As such, any serious consideration of Adam Smith's work should also include TMS. John McHugh's guide provides detailed analysis of TMS while never losing sight of the text in the context of Smith's writings and world view more generally. It offers both an introduction to the importance and insight of TMS while also functioning as a great way in to Adam Smith as a philosopher"--

Known today mainly as a teacher of Adam Smith (1723-90) and an influence on David Hume (1711-76), Francis Hutcheson (1694-1746) was a first-rate thinker whose work deserves study on its own merit. While his most important contribution to the history of ideas was likely his theory of an innate sense of morality, Hutcheson also wrote on a wide variety of other subjects, including art, psychology, law, politics, economics, metaphysics, and logic. Spanning his entire literary career, this collec

Almost all studies of industrial unrest in Britain before the First World War neglect the Belfast dock strike of 1907. Yet throughout the summer of 1907 that city was convulsed by a bitter and protracted strike involving dock labourers, carters and coal carters. At its height the dispute was estimated to have involved 10,000 on strike or locked out as a consequence of the strike, and threatened to involve a further 50,000 workers employed in the flax-spinning industry. In addition the strains which it imposed on the Belfast Royal Irish Constabulary precipitated a mutiny within that force, which induced the Liberal Government to sanction the despatch of some 6,000 regular soldiers to Belfast to maintain order.

Introduction -- Marine fishery research -- Fisheries of the United States -- The oyster industry -- The blue crab fishery -- Industrial fisheries -- Pacific sardine and Atlantic menhaden -- Marine sport fisheries -- North Pacific Fur Seal Convention -- International Pacific Halibut Convention -- International Whaling Convention -- International Pacific Salmon Fisheries Convention -- International Convention for the High Seas Fisheries of the North Pacific Ocean -- Inter-American Tropical Tuna Convention -- International Convention for the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries -- International Convention On Great Lakes Fisheries -- Fishery oceanography -- Fishery economics -- Summary -- Species index -- Subject index

Discusses process by which small businesses moved from political neglect to political prominence, approach of Conservative governments of the 1980s and 1990s and present Labour government policy, and prospects; Great Britain.

The article explores the impact of Conservative governments since 1979 on business representation. It concentrates on the trade association – the most common form of business organization in the UK but one which has been largely neglected in the discussion of business representation. The results of a major survey of trade associations conducted in 1994 are reported and their significance assessed in the light of three general propositions about the direction of business representation since 1979.

Anxiety is defined, along with a contrasting definition of fear, and is discussed as a frequent concomitant of an instructional situation. Symptoms and possible causes of anxiety are described, specifically in regard to a teacher-student relationship in orientation and mobility instruction. A number of possible approaches are suggested by which the instructor may reduce or eliminate anxiety in the student, although it is understood that certain teacher-student relationships cause too much anxiety to be tenable.

Length of stay (LOS) among postacute care patients in skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) has been steadily decreasing for the past several years. Empirical studies on overall SNF LOS are scant because most studies focus on LOS for certain conditions or procedures (e.g., Haghverdian, Wright, and Schwarzkopf 2017). However, analysis of LOS data available at Brown University's LTCFocus website (www.ltcfocus.org) illustrates that SNF LOS has been dropping in recent years. These reductions have been due, in part, to Medicare policy changes and market based pressures, including the emergence of accountable care organizations (ACOs) and bundled payment and shared savings programs, as well as the growth of Medicare Advantage. However, little is known about how shorter LOS is affecting SNFs or their postacute care patients. Implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) included several programs to improve care quality, increase efficiency, and reduce costs through value‐based payment models. In these programs, participating providers, including doctors, hospitals, and other health care organizations, join together voluntarily to provide coordinated care to their Medicare patients. These groups are reimbursed for episodes of care, payments are capitated and risk‐adjusted, and participating organizations share savings they achieve from their Medicare population (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services 2017). Because over 20% of Medicare patients who are hospitalized each year are discharged to postacute care (PAC; Tian 2016), many of the patients covered by these programs are cared for in SNFs. However, research has shown that a minority of ACOs, for example, actually include SNFs as full participants (Colla et al. 2016). This means that ACOs are relying on SNFs to provide better care at lower costs without including those SNFs in the shared savings or through contractual or other formal relationships. In the last several years, there has also been extraordinary growth in the Medicare Advantage program, which now covers one‐third of all Medicare beneficiaries (Jacobson et al. 2017). Medicare Advantage is the managed care version of Medicare where private insurers are paid by Medicare on a per beneficiary per month basis for the care of all their enrolled beneficiaries. Unlike traditional Medicare where patients have choice among all available providers, Medicare Advantage managed care organizations (MCOs) are free to form networks of preferred providers. This affords MCOs some control over the care delivered by providers in their networks, including increased control over LOS. Decreases in LOS due to these market and policy pressures are likely having an effect on SNFs. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to identify the key challenges that reductions in LOS pose for SNFs, the unintended consequences of reduced LOS for SNFs and SNF patients, SNF responses to these, and suggestions for modifications to current policy.