Suchergebnisse

Abstract

Abstract

During the past fifteen years birth rates in industrialized nations have fallen to replacement level or below & in several European countries the population is declining. Governmental responses to this demographic trend are varied. A number of countries have already adopted pronatalist policies & others appear to be moving in a similar direction. Still others, notably the US, show no sign of concern. In contrast to the assumption implicit in the literature, there is only a weak relationship between population policy & demographic variables. It is contended that the response of a society to its demographic condition will depend on the way in which political elites perceive & interpret the consequences of low population growth for national power & the economic welfare of the society. In addition, the role & functions of the state will be critical in determining the adoption of a pronatalist policy. Many features of the US' experience-its continental position, natural resources, superior technology, & the quality of its people-loom larger in US perceptions of national power & economic welfare than population size. Discussed are political, ideological & institutional factors that will tend to inhibit the formation & adoption of a US population policy. AA.

Previous research attests that the chef profession is gender-segregated; men dominate the industry and occupy the prime culinary positions. Understandings of the experiences of women executive chefs in the professional kitchen environment remain scant. This study adopted a qualitative life history method to reveal 23 women executive chefs' professional trajectories and narratives about their experiences in the professional kitchen. The intersections of gender and the chef profession were revealed, and sexism was an experience shared amongst the participants. The findings showed that participants engaged in both 'doing gender' and 'undoing gender' during their professional trajectories through adapting how they behaved in the kitchen, as a coping strategy and to fulfil the perceived expectations of their role. In confirming the gendered environment of the chef profession, the study contributes new insights to the burgeoning critical hospitality research that seeks to prioritize and shed light on otherwise marginalized perspectives.

AbstractUsing Elias and Scotson's (1994) account of established‐outsider relations, this article examines how the organizational capacity of specific social groups is significant in determining the quality of crime‐talk in isolated and rural settings. In particular, social 'oldness' and notions of what constitutes 'community' are significant in determining what activities and individuals are salient within crime‐talk. Individual and group interviews, conducted in a West Australian mining town, revealedhowcrime‐talk is an artefact of specific social figurations and the relative ability of groups to act as cohesive and integrated networks. We argue that anxieties regarding crime are a product of specific social figurations and the shifting power ratios of groups within such figurations.

Artisan entrepreneurs are argued to be creative disruptors of business norms influencing societal, political and economic change. Yet, studies of small- and medium-sized hospitality artisan enterprises are few, especially studies of their sustainability practice. This interpretive study used qualitative in-depth interviews with eight New Zealand hospitality operators who are deemed artisan entrepreneurs to glean exploratory insights into their perspectives of sustainability in their enterprises. Thematic analysis revealed four overarching conceptual themes that captured the artisans' journeys against the tide of conventional business mores towards sustainable practice. The themes were the backstory, a road less travelled, tribe of journey-makers and rewards of the journey. The findings highlight that the sustainable hospitality business model demands much more than the conventional equivalent. As such, the findings reveal a sustainability consciousness as the driving motive and important starting point. The study also provides some evidence to confirm hospitality artisan entrepreneurs as creative disruptors in the global sustainable business agenda.

Abstract

Abstract
CURRENT AND FUTURE POTENTIALITIES OF CRITICAL HOSPITALITY STUDIES: CONFERENCE WORKSHOP REPORT Critical Tourism Studies Conference VI, Croatia, 26–30 June 2015