Suchergebnisse

Health, Inequality and Development -- Achieving Better Health in Developing Countries-- M.McGillivray, I.Dutta & D.Lawson Measurement and Explanation of Inequality in Health and Healthcare in Low-Income Settings-- E.van Doorslaer & O.O'Donnell Global Inequality in Health: Disparities in Human Longevity among Countries-- M.McGillivray Determinants of Child Weight and Height in Sri Lanka: A Quantile Regression Approach-- H.Aturupane, A.B.Deolalikar & D.Gunewardena Environmental Determinants of Child Mortality in Kenya-- C.J.Mutunga How Growth and Related Instabilities Lower Child Survival-- P.Guillaumont, C.Korachais & J.Subervie Intra-Household Arrangements and Adult Health Satisfaction: Evidence from Mexico-- M.Rojas Individual and Collective Resources and Women's Health in Morocco-- M.C.Martin Health and Female Labour Market Participation: The Case of Uganda-- S.Bridges & D.Lawson

Achieving and sustaining higher levels of human well-being is a core challenge, for individuals, governments and international organizations worldwide. Measures of human well-being levels are an integral part of this process. This book provides insights into how human well-being could be better defined and empirically assessed

AbstractThis paper empirically models aid allocation to four African countries—Egypt, Kenya, Morocco and Tanzania—using 1968–1999 time series data. The econometric method employed allows for the joint determination of aid to these countries and for recipient‐specific coefficients. It is hypothesised that aid to these countries has been determined by a diverse set of determinants, ranging from their developmental needs or requirements through to donor commercial, political and strategic interests. A special interest of the paper is whether policy regimes have impacted on the amounts of aid received by these countries. Results indicate that they have for all four countries, although the direction of influence differs among them. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

There is a widespread view that political criteria have received less emphasis in aid allocation since the end of the cold war, with a greater share of aid subsequently being based on developmental criteria. An observed increase in aid effectiveness is attributed to this shift. A reasonably large literature on aid allocation supports this view: a number of influential, widely cited studies conclude that developmental criteria played no role in the 1970s and 1980s inter-recipient aid allocation. This paper argues that the shift is not as significant as commonly thought. It points to a number of methodological weaknesses in the dominant modelling approach used within the literature, showing that more rigorous econometric methods suggest that developmental criteria have had a larger influence on cold war period aid allocation than previously thought. An alternative interpretation of the observed increase in aid effectiveness is provided.

This paper surveys recent research on aid and growth. It also provides an overview of research on inter-recipient aid allocation. The overall focus of the paper is on the relevance of these issues for poverty-efficient aid, defined as a pattern of inter-recipient aid allocation which maximises poverty reduction. It identifies a range of povertyreducing criteria on which aid allocation or selectivity might be based, calling for a broader selectivity framework. The paper argues that this framework should be built on a recognition that the effectiveness of aid in increasing growth, and by implication in reducing poverty, is contingent on a range of factors in addition to the quality of recipient country policy regimes. These factors include political stability, democracy, post conflict reconstruction, and economic vulnerability.