Suchergebnisse

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Executive Summary -- 1. The Appeal of High Growth -- Definitions -- Incidence -- Job and Output Creation: The "80/20" Rule -- Linkages and Spillovers -- Annex 1A -- Notes -- References -- 2. Facets of High-Growth Events -- Size and Age -- Sector and Location -- Firms and Episodes -- Annex 2A -- Notes -- References -- 3. What Makes for High Growth? -- Productivity -- Innovation -- Agglomeration and Firm Networks -- Managerial Capabilities and Worker Skills -- Global Linkages -- Financial Development -- Annex 3A -- Notes -- References -- 4. Searching for Winners -- Programs and Instruments to Support Firm Growth -- Selection of Beneficiaries -- Toward an Evidence-Based Approach to Supporting High Firm Growth -- Annex 4A -- Notes -- References -- List of Background Papers -- Boxes -- 1.1 National Firm Data versus Enterprise Surveys -- 2.1 Firm Organization and High Growth -- 3.1 Theories of Firm Growth -- 3.2 Productivity and Demand over the Firm's Life Cycle -- 3.3 Firms in Focus: Chaldal, Bangladesh -- 3.4 Firms in Focus: Rappi, Colombia -- 3.5 Firms in Focus: Beijing Genomics Institute, China -- 3.6 Identifying Firm Leaders -- 3.7 Firms in Focus: AAA Growers, Kenya -- 3.8 Firms in Focus: Hi-Tech Gears, India -- 4.1 Communities, Networks, and Ecosystems -- 4.2 National Programs to Support High Firm Growth in Mexico and South Africa -- 4.3 Public Facilitation of Equity Finance -- 4.4 Endeavor's Selection Process -- 4.5 Measuring Cognitive Abilities -- 4.6 Competitiveness Policy Evaluation Lab (ComPEL) -- 4.7 Cross-Border Incubation and Acceleration Initiatives -- 4.8 Science, Technology, and Innovation Public Expenditure Reviews -- Figures -- ES.1 Country Coverage of the Book -- 1.1 Incidence of High Growth.

South Asia has a huge need to create more and better jobs for a growing population, especially in the manufacturing industries where it is underperforming as compared to East Asia. The report examines three critical and relatively understudied drivers of competitiveness: economies of agglomeration: firms and workers accrue benefits from locating close together in cities or clusters through urbanization and localization ; participation in global value chains: stronger competitive pressures weed out least productive firms while others improve by gaining access to new knowledge and better inputs ; firm capabilities: in order to operate close to what would be considered optimum efficiency levels given the prevailing factor prices and thus employ South Asia's abundant labor. The report shows that South Asia has great untapped competitiveness potential. Realizing this potential would require the governments in the region to pursue second generation trade policy reforms for firms to better contribute to and benefit from global value chains (e.g. facilitating imports for exporters), to facilitate the development of industrial clusters in secondary cities (cheaper and less congested than the metros) as well as to deploy policies to improve the capabilities of firms

South Asia has a huge need to create more and better jobs for a growing population – especially in the manufacturing industries where it is underperforming as compared to East Asia. The report examines three critical and relatively understudied drivers of competitiveness: Economies of agglomeration: firms and workers accrue benefits from locating close together in cities or clusters through urbanization and localization. Participation in global value chains: stronger competitive pressures weed out least productive firms while others improve by gaining access to new knowledge and better inputs. Firm capabilities: in order to operate close to what would be considered optimum efficiency levels given the prevailing factor prices and thus employ South Asia's abundant labor. The report entails four case studies of critical industries: apparel (based on the "Stitches to Riches" World Bank report), automotive, electronics and agribusiness. The report also draws on relevant good practices from around the world. The report shows that South Asia has great untapped competitiveness potential (including in all four industries studied). Realizing this potential would require the governments in the region to pursue second generation trade policy reforms for firms to better contribute to and benefit from global value chains (e.g. facilitating imports for exporters), to facilitate the development of industrial clusters in secondary cities (cheaper and less congested than the metros) as well as to deploy policies to improve the capabilities of firms, especially SMEs.

Relying on a novel dataset covering more than 120,000 firms in 60 countries, this paper con-tributes to the debate about D policies to support businesses through the COVID-19 pandemic. While governments around the world have implemented a wide range of policy support measures, evidence on the reach of these policies, the alignment of measures with firm needs, and their targeting and effectiveness remains scarce. This paper provides the most comprehensive assessment to date of these issues, focusing primarily on the developing economies. It shows that policy reach has been limited, especially for the more vulnerable firms and countries, and identifies mismatches between policies provided and policies most sought. It also provides some indicative evidence regarding mistargeting of policies and their effectiveness in addressing liquidity constraints and preventing layoffs. This assessment provides some early guidance to policymakers on tailoring their COVID-19 business support packages and points to new directions in data and research efforts needed to guide policy responses to the current pandemic and future crises.