Suchergebnisse

South Africa is a country of overlapping multi-party divisions that has its origin in the historical antecedents of the apartheid regime. Rifts within and between political parties have often produced severe levels of violence, especially after the 1994 election and have resulted in arson, looting and loss of lives. This study that utilized the Przeworski Democratic Peace Theory argued that the outbreak of electoral violence in South Africa is a reflection of the failure of democratic institutions, norms, values, and democratic ideals that do not meet the expectations of the people and is thus promoting a vision of chaos and violence in the country. It recommends a fight against poverty and youth unemployment, provision of justice, opening up of political space to accommodate all sections of the country and equitable distributions of resources coupled with the strengthening of democratic institutions are tools needed for sustainable national peace in the country.

South Africa is a country of overlapping multi-party divisions that has its origin in the historical antecedents of the apartheid regime. Rifts within and between political parties have often produced severe levels of violence, especially after the 1994 election and have resulted in arson, looting and loss of lives. This study that utilized the Przeworski Democratic Peace Theory argued that the outbreak of electoral violence in South Africa is a reflection of the failure of democratic institutions, norms, values, and democratic ideals that do not meet the expectations of the people and is thus promoting a vision of chaos and violence in the country. It recommends a fight against poverty and youth unemployment, provision of justice, opening up of political space to accommodate all sections of the country and equitable distributions of resources coupled with the strengthening of democratic institutions are tools needed for sustainable national peace in the country.

South Africa is a country plagued by several racial challenges in almost all spheres of its activities. While, in recent years, the South Africa government have initiated programs aimed at promoting social cohesion, not much has been done in the area of interracial marriage. Yet intermarriage has been regarded as both a final test of integration and willingness of a person to lose his/her racial identification. Although some people contended that with the end of apartheid two decades ago, South Africa youth endogamy or marriage based on should be a thing of the past, studies to either confirm or refute this contention are scanty. This study, therefore, was an attempt to assess the attitudes of South Africa undergraduate students towards inter-racial marriage. The study indicated that racial endogamy is still common in South Africa, furthermore that few students are more likely to approve of the interracial marriage and the youths exhibited a conservative attitude toward interracial marriage. The study recommended that Inter-racial marriage by students and youths should be encouraged as it would likely foster social cohesion and invigorate and promote peaceful co-existence and encourage the much needed social cohesion among the people of South Africa.

South Africa is a country plagued by several racial challenges in almost all spheres of its activities. While, in recent years, the South Africa government have initiated programs aimed at promoting social cohesion, not much has been done in the area of interracial marriage. Yet intermarriage has been regarded as both a final test of integration and willingness of a person to lose his/her racial identification. Although some people contended that with the end of apartheid two decades ago, South Africa youth endogamy or marriage based on should be a thing of the past, studies to either confirm or refute this contention are scanty. This study, therefore, was an attempt to assess the attitudes of South Africa undergraduate students towards inter-racial marriage. The study indicated that racial endogamy is still common in South Africa, furthermore that few students are more likely to approve of the interracial marriage and the youths exhibited a conservative attitude toward interracial marriage. The study recommended that Inter-racial marriage by students and youths should be encouraged as it would likely foster social cohesion and invigorate and promote peaceful co-existence and encourage the much needed social cohesion among the people of South Africa.

Satisfactory nationwide development without constructive local governments' input is mutually exclusive. Meaning that institution of effectual local administrations not to produce deleterious interaction-effect of development is essential. This paper evaluates published articles between 2010 and 2020 on Nigerian context to comprehend what undermines impactful local governments' participation in national development to pinpoint lessons for African nations. It addresses the question of how abject local government in place do not support its positive involvement in overall national development. The intrinsic purpose of local government according to the classical theory's logic is the paper's theoretical foundation. Deriving from a literature review methodology, the paper proffers reform agendas to enhance optimal efficacy of local administrations in the intergovernmental relations schemes for development in Africa from literature insights of the Nigerian situation. The analysis parallel the three thematic codes evolved from the classical theory's justification of local government: optimization of local governance, enhancement of local democracy, and facilitation of efficient local services delivery. It observes that implementation of ineffectual decentralization policies and lack of local autonomy are critical factors undermining optimum development in Nigeria, viz African countries. Whereas, decentralization and local autonomy accentuates the centrality of local government in the national developmental trajectory.

Satisfactory nationwide development without constructive local governments' input is mutually exclusive. Meaning that institution of effectual local administrations not to produce deleterious interaction-effect of development is essential. This paper evaluates published articles between 2010 and 2020 on Nigerian context to comprehend what undermines impactful local governments' participation in national development to pinpoint lessons for African nations. It addresses the question of how abject local government in place do not support its positive involvement in overall national development. The intrinsic purpose of local government according to the classical theory's logic is the paper's theoretical foundation. Deriving from a literature review methodology, the paper proffers reform agendas to enhance optimal efficacy of local administrations in the intergovernmental relations schemes for development in Africa from literature insights of the Nigerian situation. The analysis parallel the three thematic codes evolved from the classical theory's justification of local government: optimization of local governance, enhancement of local democracy, and facilitation of efficient local services delivery. It observes that implementation of ineffectual decentralization policies and lack of local autonomy are critical factors undermining optimum development in Nigeria, viz African countries. Whereas, decentralization and local autonomy accentuates the centrality of local government in the national developmental trajectory.