Suchergebnisse

[ES] En la década de 1970, el sociólogo Ronald Inglehart diseñó un conjunto de conceptos e indicadores para analizar los valores y sus transformaciones en sociedades democráticas industrializadas, fundamentalmente, para observar los cambios desde una tendencia cultural ―materialista hacia una con valores ―postmaterialistas. Es decir, de valores de la sociedad centrados en la seguridad física y económica hacia otros valores que se centran en la libertad y autonomía, la autoexpresión y la calidad de vida. En el presente trabajo se ofrece una exploración en la búsqueda de estos valores postmaterialistas en las elites parlamentarias latinoamericanas. Para ello, se ha procedido a realizar un índice de postmaterialidad entre los parlamentarios. Posteriormente se han realizado análisis estadísticos para determinar la presencia de estos valores en el poder legislativo de cada país. Así, el estudio presenta dos objetivos fundamentales: realizar una descripción del panorama existente en la región en relación a las visiones de los legisladores en la dimensión materialismo/postmaterialismo, y la búsqueda de posibles explicaciones a la varianza de los resultados ; [EN] In the 1970s, sociologist Ronald Inglehart designed a set of concepts and indicators for analyzing the values and democratic transformations in industrialized societies, mainly to observe the changes from a cultural-materialist trend towards post-materialist values.That is, the values of society focused on physical and economic security to other values that focus on freedom and autonomy, self-expression and quality of life. This paper offers an exploration in search of these post-materialist values in the Latin American parliamentary elites. To do this, we proceeded to make an index of postmaterialism among parliamentarians. Later, statistical testing has been conducted to determine the presence of these values in the legislature of each country. Thus, the study has two objectives: to provide a description of the existing landscape in the region in relation to the views of legislators in the dimension materialism postmaterialism and the search for possible explanations for the variance of the results

One common demand in the 2011 uprisings in the MENA region was the call for 'freedom, dignity, and social justice.' Citizens rallied against corruption and clientelism, which for many protesters were deeply linked to political tyranny. This book takes the phenomenon of the 2011 uprisings as a point of departure for reassessing clientelism and patronage across the entire MENA region. Using case studies covering Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Turkey and the Gulf monarchies, it looks at how the relationships within and between clientelist and patronage networks changed before 2011. The book assesses how these changes contributed to the destabilization of the established political and social order, and how they affected less visible political processes. It then turns to look at how the political transformations since 2011 have in turn reconfigured these networks in terms of strategies and dynamics, and concomitantly, what implications this has had for the inclusion or exclusion of new actors. Are specific networks expanding or shrinking in the post-2011 contexts? Do these networks reproduce established forms of patron-client relations or do they translate into new modes and mechanisms? As the first book to systematically discuss clientelism, patronage and corruption against the background of the 2011 uprisings, it will be a valuable resource for students and scholars of Middle Eastern Studies. The book also addresses major debates in comparative politics and political sociology by offering 'networks of dependency' as an interdisciplinary conceptual approach that can 'travel' across place and time

Analyses the democratic dimension of the recent political changes in MENATaking a comparative approach, this book considers the ways in which political regimes have changed since the Arab Spring. It addresses a series of questions about political change in the context of the revolutions, upheavals and protests that have taken place in North Africa and the Arab Middle East since December 2010, and looks at the various processes have been underway in the region: democratisation (Tunisia), failed democratic transitions (Egypt, Libya and Yemen), political liberalisation (Morocco) and increased authoritarianism (Bahrain, Kuwait, Syria). In other countries, in contrast to these changes, the authoritarian regimes remain intact (Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Arab United Emirates. Key FeaturesUses a comparative theoretical and methodological approach to analyse and explain the consequences of the political changes within political regimes at a country, regional and international levelDevelops an overview of the consequences of the Arab Spring for the political regimes in the region and for the wider worldTakes a thematic approach, with chapters on parties and political groups, elections, constitutional frameworks, governance, civil society, rights and freedoms, regional powers, security issues, foreign policy, and media and media freedomLooks at EU and US foreign policy in the MENA regionCountries covered: Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Syria, Tunisia, Yemen