Suchergebnisse

"Containing the latest research and insights of academics and development practitioners pursuing political and economic reforms in the ASEAN region, Building Inclusive Democracies in ASEAN recognizes that a well-functioning democracy is part of what ultimately fosters inclusive growth and development. Inequitable access to democratic processes and mechanisms produce government policies and initiatives that are inconsistent with the needs of the majority. The chapters include empirical research on the symptoms and effects of traditional patron-client politics, experiences, insights, analyses, and policy recommendations, as well as reflections, on reform efforts along the lines of citizens' participation, transparency, and evidence-based policymaking."--

AbstractThe poverty penalty refers to the relatively higher cost shouldered by the poor, when compared to the non‐poor, in their participation in certain markets. By trying to further develop this concept, this paper clarifies some of the subtle and more direct ways through which the poor could be marginalised in the market system. A brief review of the business and economics literature suggests that there are different possible causes behind various forms of the poverty penalty, and hence distinct ways to address them, depending on its form, the nature of the market under analysis, the specific country context, the characteristics of the poor themselves and the prevalence of market failures among other factors. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

AbstractThe paper uses data from the Village Potential Surveys (PODES) (63 000 villages, surveyed in 1996 and 2000) to show the lessons that can be learned in responding to economic crisis from Indonesia's Social Safety Net Program or Jaring Pengaman Sosial (JPS). It focuses on the JPS scholarship component, analysing its impact on primary and secondary school dropout at the community level. It finds that the scholarship program reduces the chance of dropout in primary school but not in junior secondary school. Participation in the government's employment creation programs is significantly and positively correlated with dropout, suggesting that given the opportunity junior secondary school students will drop out to support their families. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.