Competition and entrepreneurs' human capital in small business longevity and growth
In: The journal of development studies, Band 42, Heft 5, S. 812-836
ISSN: 1743-9140
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In: The journal of development studies, Band 42, Heft 5, S. 812-836
ISSN: 1743-9140
In: The journal of development studies: JDS, Band 42, Heft 5, S. 812-836
ISSN: 0022-0388
World Affairs Online
In: World Bank Policy Research Working Paper Series, S. -
SSRN
Working paper
In: IMF Working Paper No. 02/89
SSRN
In: Journal of labor economics: JOLE, Band 22, Heft 3, S. 615-637
ISSN: 1537-5307
In: World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 8291
SSRN
Working paper
In: Economic Development and Cultural Change, Band 61, Heft 4, S. 889-931
ISSN: 1539-2988
In: Journal of international trade & economic development: an international and comparative review, Band 15, Heft 4, S. 493-523
ISSN: 1469-9559
In an effort to improve employment outcomes and industrial productivity, the Government of Pakistan (GoP) has launched a dual-track reform process involving broad-based overhaul of labor laws and institutions, and expansion and reform of the Vocational and Technical Training (VTT) system. Labor market regulation and laws are useful economic and social institutions designed to protect workers from undesirable consequences of market failure such as arbitrary or discriminatory actions by employers. They also help stabilize employment and household incomes against aggregate business cycles and shocks. Labor regulation is also an important element of society's instruments for the provision of social security and the maintenance of health, safety, and environmental standards in economic activities. Labor regulation in Pakistan is excessive by international standards, as can be seen from data on a number of indicators of labor market flexibility. All things considered, Pakistani industry and workers will seem to be better off with a more flexible labor market. The report analyzes the existing labor laws and institutions, along with the new draft laws, from this point of view. It also provides a review of the current VTT system and changes for it.
BASE
In: The Future of Globalization, S. 85-104
In: World development: the multi-disciplinary international journal devoted to the study and promotion of world development, Band 34, Heft 9, S. 1498-1516
In: World development: the multi-disciplinary international journal devoted to the study and promotion of world development, Band 34, Heft 9, S. 1498-1516
ISSN: 0305-750X
World Affairs Online
In: Economic Development and Cultural Change, Band 54, Heft 1, S. 1-31
ISSN: 1539-2988
In: World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 7909
SSRN
Working paper
In: The journal of developing areas, Band 42, Heft 2, S. 223-252
ISSN: 1548-2278
We compare samples of textiles and garments producers across groups of countries to find that, in general, productivity is far lower in Sub-Saharan Africa than it is in India. Indian manufacturers in turn are significantly less productive than their counterparts in Morocco, while producers in some SSA countries do match or exceed the Indian standard. The paper assesses the importance of geography as a possible factor in these gaps compared to such possible causes as trade policy and the quality of public institutions. It turns out that both institutions and trade policy are strong influences on country productivity averages. However, geography is also as powerful an influence in as far as it affects access to export markets and to input supplies.