Suchergebnisse

Intro -- Preface and Acknowledgements -- Contents -- About the Editors -- Introduction to the Disasters and Hazards in the Himalayan Terrains -- Disasters in the Complex Himalayan Terrains -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Concept and the Structure of This Book -- 3 The Way Forward for Disaster Risk Reduction in the Himalayan Region -- References -- Hazards in the Perspective of Himalayan Terrain: A Review -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Floods -- 1.2 Landslides -- 1.3 Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) -- 2 Conclusion -- References -- Landslides in the Himalayas-Causes and Consequences -- Himalayan Landslides-Causes and Evolution -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Type of Landslides -- 3 Himalayas and Lithotectonic Units -- 4 Causes of Landslides -- 5 Monitoring of Landslides -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Landslides in the Himalayas: Causes, Evolution, and Mitigation-A Case Study of National Highway 44, India -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Description of the Study Area -- 2.1 Climate and Rainfall -- 3 Causes of Landslides on the Himalayas -- 3.1 Soil Moisture -- 3.2 Natural Density -- 3.3 Specific Gravity -- 3.4 Direct Share -- 4 Earthquake -- 5 Land Surface Temperature (LST) -- 6 High Altitude and Sharp Slopes -- 7 Evolution -- 8 Mitigation -- 9 The Way Forward -- References -- Geo-Environmental Impact of Road Widening Project Along National Highway-44, Jammu and Kashmir, India -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Geo-Environmental Setup Along NH-44 -- 3 Geo-Environmental Challenges Along NH-44 -- 3.1 Pre-investigations for Widening of NH-44 -- 3.2 Types of Geo-Environmental Challenges Along NH-44 -- 4 Landslide and Associated Impacts Along the Part of NH-44, Udhampur to Chenani Road Section: A Case Study -- 4.1 Discussions -- 4.2 Agriculture and Residential Ground Failure at Higher Altitude -- 4.3 Failure of Foundation of High-Tension Transmission Line Towers.

Part-A: Introduction to the Disasters and Hazards in the Himalayan Terrains -- 1. Disasters in the Complex Himalayan Terrains -- 2. Hazards in the perspective of Himalayan Terrain: A review -- Part-B: Landslides in the Himalayas – Causes and Consequences -- 3. Himalayan Landslides – Causes and Evolution -- 4. Landslides in the Himalayas: Causes, Evolution, and Mitigation – A Case Study of National Highway 44, India -- 5. Geo-environmental Impact of Road Widening Project along the National Highway- 44A, Jammu & Kashmir, India -- Part-C: Floods in the Himalayas – Causes and Consequences -- 6. September 2014 floods in Kashmir Himalaya - Impacts and Mitigation Strategy -- 7. A review on the estimation of Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) in the Himalayan region using remote sensing and geographic information system -- 8. Impact of Floods on the Green Energy Sector in the Himalayas using remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) – A case study of Gagas Watershed, Uttarakhand, India -- Part-D: Earthquakes in the Himalayas – Assessment and Forecasting -- 9. Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry to Measure Earthquake Related Deformation: A Case Study from Nepal -- 10. Earthquake Forecasting in the Himalayas using Artificial Neural Networks -- Part-E: Hazard mitigation strategies in the Himalayas -- 11. Forest Fire Alert System of India with a Special Reference to Fire Vulnerability Assessment of the UT of Jammu and Kashmir -- 12. Hazard mitigation and climate change in the Himalayas – Policy and Decision making.

AbstractGlobally, the COVID‐19 pandemic has become a threat to humans and to the socioeconomic systems they have developed since the industrial revolution. Hence, governments and stakeholders call for strategies to help restore normalcy while dealing with this pandemic effectively. Since till now, the disease is yet to have a cure; therefore, only risk‐based decision making can help governments achieve a sustainable solution in the long term. To help the decisionmakers explore viable actions, we propose a risk‐based assessment framework for analyzing COVID‐19 risk to areas, using integrated hazard and vulnerability components associated with this pandemic for effective risk mitigation. The study is carried on a region administrated by Jaipur municipal corporation (JMC), India. Based on the current understanding of this disease, we hypothesized different COVID‐19 risk indices (C19Ri) of the wards of JMC such as proximity to hotspots, total population, population density, availability of clean water, and associated land use/land cover, are related with COVID‐19 contagion and calculated them in a GIS‐based multicriteria risk reduction method. The results showed disparateness in COVID‐19 risk areas with a higher risk in north‐eastern and south‐eastern zone wards within the boundary of JMC. We proposed prioritizing wards under higher risk zones for intelligent decision making regarding COVID‐19 risk reduction through appropriate management of resources‐related policy consequences. This study aims to serve as a baseline study to be replicated in other parts of the country or world to eradicate the threat of COVID‐19 effectively.