Suchergebnisse

Introduction. The problem of corruption has acquired a particular importance in light of ubiquitous corruption scandals, entangling both developing and developed countries. Currently, a number of often contradicting hypotheses has been posed on the ways corrupt practices impact protest potential of a society and stability of a political system, as well as on the role of anti-corruption policy in the alleviation of such impact. This article aims to survey and compare different researches analyzing the impact of corruption and anti-corruption policies on different aspects of modern Russian society; in particular, their impact on protest potential and political stability. The author's hypothesis lies within the assumption that The System anti-corruption policy, which is a prioritized instrument for political and administrative activities of state and municipal authorities in the prevention of corrupt practices, significantly reduces the extent of protest potential and facilitates political stability in a society.Methodology and sources. Methodological basis of this article is a multiparadigm approach to studying the phenomenon of corruption. As part of this research, a raft of empirical research conducted by domestic and foreign authors has been analyzed (E. M. Uslaner, P. Heywood, J. Rose et al.). Authors also use the results of an internet survey conducted with 580 participants (predominantly students of Russian universities) in 2020. The respondents were self-selected, convenience sampling. Manifold research and sociological surveys demonstrate the difficulty of generalizing the results.Results and discussion. Substantial amount of empirical data reflects an adverse effect of corrupt practices on the livelihood of a modern society. These practices entail the decrease in GDP growth rates, avert domestic and foreign investments, amplify social and economic inequality, decrease tax revenue and lead to social welfare underfunding. It ultimately results in the lack of public trust towards state institutions as well as the decrease of generalized trust. Even though there is a positive correlation between endemic corruption and political volatility, the results of other research cast doubt on the extent to which corruption may influence economic development and political stability.Conclusion. In general, the conducted research has allowed for the inference that the prevalence of corrupt practices may either amplify social instability and increase the protest potential or it may have no influence at all on political activity of a society and stability of political regime. At the same time, the implementation of anti-corruption policies by the authorities significantly reduces the level of protest potential and fosters political stability.

Introduction. Regulation of social adaptation of migrants is one of the most important issues of state migration and social policy. One of the problems in the process of adaptation of migrants is the lack of a systematic approach to solving the problems faced by migrants in the host society. Therefore, it is necessary to study social work practices with migrants and their families to identify the most effective ones. The analysis of social work with migrants in state institutions of culture and social protection and in non-profit organizations reveals the situation with social work with migrants in Russia and identifies problems in the process of adaptation and integration of migrants into Russian society.Methodology and sources. Data for the sociological study in the form of expert interviews were collected using a qualitative method for evaluating social work practices with migrants. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2018–2019 in St Petersburg, Moscow, and Kazan with employees of professional centers for work with migrants, scientists specializing in the study of migration processes in their various aspects, and organizers of regular events (seminars, conferences) on this topic. The sample (30 experts) was formed by the snowball method. The number of expert interviews allowed us to cover a variety of social work practices both in government structures and in nonprofit organizations.Results and discussion. The results of the study showed that various practices are used in social work with migrants in Russia. A distinctive feature of these practices is the dominant focus on socio-cultural adaptation and integration. The effectiveness of social work practices with migrants and their families can be defined in specific changes: improving awareness and legal literacy of foreign citizens, increasing their legal protection, simplifying access to health and education services, accessibility of assistance in finding housing and employment, the possibility of improving professional skills and knowledge of the language, culture, and history of Russian society.Conclusion. Expert assessments revealed the most effective practices of social work with migrants used in Russia: legal advice, orientation courses, mobile counseling points where migrants can get advice from a social worker, a lawyer, and a doctor, and mobile applications integrated with state and non-state organizations. The results obtained show that the role of non-profit organizations (national cultural organizations for the preservation and development of cultures, the House of Friendship of Peoples) that use social practices to help migrants and their families adapt more effectively to the conditions of the host society is growing.

Introduction.The paper deals with the evolution of "fake-news" and "post-truth" in the digital society, which can be qualified as simulations of virtual space. The authors formulate a hypothesis that disclosure of the features of social evolution of "fake news" and "post truth" as political simulaсra is possible on the basis of a multi-paradigm approach that combines the explanatory potential of sociology of communication, political sociology, systemic, interactive approach, concepts of cultivation and agenda.Methodology and sources.The methodological basis is a multi-paradigm approach to the study of "fake news" and "post truth" as "simulacras" of virtual space, distributed mainly "on the World Wide Web" in the form of deliberately false or distorting messages, memes, posts, repost, tweets, retweets, trolling, etc., allowing to unite heuristic possibilities of system-sociological and interactive approaches, theory of communicative action, concepts of cultivation and agenda.Results and discussion.The authors argue that "fake news" as an information unit of mainly political and communicative space is a natural product of digitalization development, which arises from the "post truth". Today the artificial construction of political news has a practical impact on the behavior of businessmen, public figures, political leaders, etc., as well as to influence the real socio-economic processes and political and legal sphere on a global scale. The problem of belief in "fake news" is considered, the study of which, based on multi-paradigm methodology, allows to reveal it properly and find possible solutions.Conclusion.Consideration of the evolution of "fake news" and "post truth" in digital society shows that they act as certain political simulacras of virtual space with using the manipulative technologies. "Fake-news" and "posttruth" pose a threat to society as a whole, create "obstacles" for their study and complicate communicative interaction, replacing real socio-political communications and tangible political actions with their imitation in virtual space or, for example, as a politically convenient truth, form a certain synthetic simulacrum in political-communicative practice, which combines PR-shows and media manipulations.

Introduction. The relationship of IT specialists to representatives of other professional groups is built in different ways – from cooperation to conflicts. The important practical significance of the analysis of this problem actualizes the development of theoretical and methodological foundations for the study and diagnosis of relations between IT specialists and representatives of other socio-professional groups based on an appeal to values. This is important for a holistic understanding of the trends in the development of the social structure of modern society.Methodology and sources. The multi-paradigm platform of work is formed on the ideas of two directions. Firstly, the fundamental principles of the theory of P.A. Sorokin on the sociodynamics of values in the process of social development are used; the ideas of D.A. Leontiev on the connections of individual and group values; approaches to the construction of methodological procedures for diagnosing values, set out in the works of V.A. Yadov and N.I. Lapin. Another part of the study is formed on the provisions M. Grannoweter's theory of the strength of weak ties. The methodological procedure of the study is based on the technologies for assessing the relevance of professions proposed by J. Holland.Results and discussion. On the basis of network models of relations between IT specialists, it is shown that interaction with professionals of various professional groups is carried out in different ways. The professional groups with which IT specialists develop tense relations are shown, which is due to the specifics of their professional competencies. The sociodynamics of changes in professional values is revealed as the status and role positions of IT specialists change.Conclusion. The conducted research shows that the attitudes of IT specialists to actors of other professional groups of external social interaction are built inconsistently and ambiguously. Relationships between IT professionals and other professions are formed more like relationships oriented towards different values and variables. In this sense, a group of IT professionals can be perceived as a special case. Unlike relationships within the group of IT professionals themselves, relationships with professionals of other specialties are predominantly situational in nature and are more likely determined by some specific conditions and circumstances, specific people and specific factors than by the unity or solidarity of professional values and interests.