Suchergebnisse

The nature of consent / John Kleinig -- A history of consent in Western thought / David Johnston -- Autonomy and consent / Tom Beauchamp -- Preface to a theory of consent transactions : beyond valid consent / Franklin G. Miller and Alan Wertheimer -- Paternalism and consent / Douglas Husak -- Hypothetical consent / Arthur Kuflik -- Consent to harm / Vera Bergelson -- Consent to sexual relations / Alan Wertheimer -- Sex, law, and consent / Robin West -- Contracts / Brian H. Bix -- Consent with inducements : the case of body parts and services / Janet Radcliffe Richards -- Political obligation and consent / A. John Simmons -- Advances in informed consent research / Philip Candilis and Charles W. Lidz -- Consent to medical care : the importance of fiduciary context / Steven Joffe and Robert D. Truog -- Consent to clinical research / Franklin G. Miller

Consent is a basic component of the ethics of human relations making permissible a wide range of conduct that would otherwise be wrongful. Consent marks the difference between slavery & employment, permissible sexual relations & rape, borrowing or selling & theft, medical treatment & battery, participation in research & being a human guinea pig

Hospice is the premiere end of life program in the United States, but its requirement that patients forgo disease-directed therapies and that they have a prognosis of 6 months or less means that it serves less than half of dying patients and often for very short periods of time. Palliative care offers careful attention to pain and symptom management, added support for patients and families, and assistance with difficult medical decision making alongside any and all desired medical treatments, but it does not include a comprehensive system of care as is provided by hospice. The practice of pall

In Death, Dying, and Organ Transplantation: Reconstructing Medical Ethics at the End of Life, Miller and Truog challenge fundamental doctrines of established medical ethics. They argue systematically that physicians legitimately cause the death of patients in the routine practices of withdrawing life support and vital organ donation.

ABSTRACTIn the midst of the Covid‐19 pandemic, ethicists, researchers, and journalists have recommended studies that deliberately infect healthy volunteers with the coronavirus as a scientific means of expediting vaccine development. In this essay, we trace the history of infection challenge experiments and reflect on the Nuremberg Code of 1947, issued in response to brutal human experiments conducted by Nazi investigators in concentration camps. We argue that the Code continues to offer valuable guidance for assessing the ethics of this controversial form of research, with respect particularly to the acceptable limits to research risks and the social value of research necessary to justify exposing human participants to these risks.

The just world hypothesis provides an explanation for the finding that observers derogate victims. By admitting the appropriateness of a victim's fate., observers may develop a sense of control over the possibility of similar fates. Two experiments investigated the relationship
between, the magnitude of motivation for control over the environment and tendency to derogate victims. In Experiment One, situational controllability and uncontrollability were manipulated within a learned helplessness procedure and derogation of a victimized stranger assessed. In Experiment
Two, subjects completed the Need for Control and Belief in the Just World scales, measures of the motivation for environmental control and the tendency to derogate victims. The results indicate that motivation and need for control underlie victim derogation.