In: The journal of modern African studies: a quarterly survey of politics, economics & related topics in contemporary Africa, Band 12, Heft 4, S. 521-542
THE STUDY OF CONTEMPORARY AFRICAN POLITICS CANNOT BE REDUCED TO A CLASS ANALYSIS. IT IS NEVERTHELESS INTERESTING TO EXPLORE THE NOTION OF ELITE FORMATION AND TO SEE TO WHAT EXTENT AND IN WHAT WAY UNIFIED AND COHERENT ELITES HAVE BEEN ABLE TO DEVELOP IN AFRICA.
THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY IS TO EXAMINE A UNIQUE CASE OF HOSTAGE-TAKING. THE PEACEFUL CONCLUSION OF THE ATTACK ON THE ISRAELI EMBASSY IN BANGKOK, CAPITAL OF THAILAND, HAS BEEN NOTED AS AN EXEMPLARY INCIDENT. THE SOLUTION OF THIS INCIDENT STANDS OUT IN A VIOLENT ERA MARKED BY CONTINUING PALESTINIAN INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM. THE ARTICLE EXAMINES THE STAGES OF THE HOSTAGE-TAKING INCIDENT, AND THE BARGAINING AND NEGOTIATION. IT CONCLUDES THAT IN THE REAL WORLD BARGAINING SITUATIONS DO NOT NECESSARILY CONFORM TO THE RELATIVELY SIMPLE STRUCTURE OF THEORETICAL ANALYSIS.
The major components of the Act are reviewed and the Act is examined in terms of its general effectiveness in promoting reclamation as well as its contribution to the practice of American federalism and the capacity of state government to implement complex regulatory programs. (Abstract amended)
The purpose of the article is to assess the relationship between international terrorist attacks of the hostage taking type and the response of the targeted states. The author believes that governments are increasingly willing to use force to resolve terrorist incidents and some have adopted harsh authoritarian measures, especially in Latin America. While domestic terrorist attacks are frequent in Latin America, Europe is the common ground for international terrorist activity
FOR THE FOREIGN SCHOLAR, ESPECIALLY, AN UNDERSTANDING OF PERUVIAN POLITICS BETWEEN 1895 AND 1919, THE PERIOD OF THE SO-CALLED REPUBLICA ARISTOCRATICA, IS DIFFICULT TO OBTAIN. THIS QUARTER-CENTURY IS CONSIDERED AN ERA OF RAPID SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CHANGE: IN THE WORDS OF ONE SCHOLAR, IT COMPLETED THE DISAPPEARANCE OF COLONIAL PERU. AN IMPORTANT ELEMENT IN THIS TRANSITION WAS THE GROWTH ON THE COAST OF THE RULING GROUP CONNECTED WITH THE EXPANDING EXPORT ECONOMY, KNOWN IN THE LITERATURE VARIOUSLY AS THE 'OLIGARCHY', 'BOURGEOISIE', OR THE 'PLUTOCRACY', WHICH SUPPOSEDLY OBTAINED CONTROL OVER THE MEAGRE RESOURCES OF THE STATE AND DIRECTED THEM TO ITS OWN ENDS. POLITICAL NARATIVES OF THE PERIOD ARE NOT LACKING. EVERY PERUVIANIST MUST RECKON WITH THE MAGISTERIAL WORK OF JORGE BASADRE, AND RECENT HISTORIES IN ENGLISH HAVE NARRATED AND SUMMARISED FOR THE STUDENT THE POLITICAL EVENTS OF THESE YEARS.3