Suchergebnisse

Intro -- PSYCHOLOGY OF BIAS -- PSYCHOLOGY OF BIAS -- Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1: BIASES IN MEDICAL DECISION MAKING -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 1.1. The Error in Medicine -- 1.2. The Dimension of Medical Error -- 2. COGNITIVE BASIS OF DIAGNOSIS -- 2.1. Diagnostic Errors -- 2.2. The Medical Choice: Beyond the Given Data(Toward Diagnosis) -- 2.3. Cognitive Heuristics and Biases -- 3. TWO WAYS OF THINKING -- 3.1. Is there Room for Intuition in Medicine? -- 3.2. Summing Up -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 2: PERCEPTUAL BIASES FOR THREAT -- ABSTRACT -- BIASES FOR ANCIENT THREATS-AN EVOLUTIONARY MODEL -- BIASES FOR MODERN THREATS-A LEARNING MODEL -- BIASES FOR THREAT IN CHILDREN AND INFANTS-A DUAL-PATHWAY MODEL -- BEHAVIORAL IMPLICATIONS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 3: ON THE RELATIONSHIPBETWEEN STIMULUS VALENCE,EMOTIONAL BIAS, AND BEHAVIOR -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- RELEVANCE OF THE STIMULUSVALENCE TO SURVIVAL -- FROM ENVIRONMENT TO COGNITIONTHROUGH MOOD -- EMOTIONAL VALENCE:IS IT AN ARTIFICIAL DICHOTOMIZATION? -- THE POWER OF UNCONSCIOUSLY PERCEIVEDEMOTIONAL STIMULI -- THEORETICAL ORIENTING FRAMEWORKS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 4: THE BIAS TOWARD CAUSE AND EFFECT -- THE BIAS TOWARD CAUSE AND EFFECT -- MAKING THE CASE FOR 'CAUSE' -- THE SAME UNDERLYING CONCEPT? -- CHALLENGES TO A SINGLE NOTION OF CAUSE -- A DIFFERENT APPROACH -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 5: RESPONDING TO GROUPBASEDDISCRIMINATION:WHEN THE NORMATIVE PROTECTIONOF THE (DISADVANTAGED)INGROUP MATTERS -- ABSTRACT -- RESPONDING TO GROUP-BASED DISCRIMINATION:WHEN THE NORMATIVE PROTECTIONOF THE (DISADVANTAGED) INGROUP MATTERS -- DISCRIMINATION: THE TARGET'S PERSPECTIVE -- OVERVIEW OF THE PRESENT RESEARCH -- METHOD -- RESULTS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES.