Suchergebnisse

INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL ECONOMY IS A GROWTH INDUSTRY. THIS ARTICLE INQUIRES WHY, IF FREE TRADE IS AS OPTIMAL AS ECONOMISTS ARGUE, HAS PROTECTIONISM BEEN SO PREVALENT? THE ANSWER IS POLITICS. MARKETS AND STATES ARE STRUGGLING TO COME TO TERMS WITH ONE ANOTHER. THE FINAL OUTCOME MAY VERY WELL DECIDE WHICH NATIONS EXPERIENCE RAPID GROWTH, AND WHICH WILL UNDERGO A PRECIPITOUS DECLINE.

GLOBAL ECONOMIC INTERDEPENDENCE HAS CREATED INCENTIVES FOR GREATER INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION. IN MANY INSTANCE, THESE INCENTIVES HAVE LED STATES TO ACCEPT IMPORTANT AND CONTROVERSIAL CO-OPERATIVE AGREEMENTS, DESPITE THEIR COSTS. A CRUCIAL FORM OF CONTEMPORARY INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICY CO-OPERATION IS THE DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL PATTERNS OF ECONOMIC INTEGRATION, EXEMPLIFIED BY THE NAFTA ACCORD AND THE MAASTRICHT TREATY ON EUROPEAN MONETARY UNION (EMU). WHY DID COUNTRIES CHOOSE TO CO-OPERATE IN NAFTA AND THE EMU, ESPECIALLY GIVEN THE COSTS? THIS QUESTION IS ADDRESSED IN THREE PARTS. FIRST, WHY DID POLITICAL LEADERS INITIATE THESE NEGOTIATIONS? GIVEN THE COSTS OF SUCH FAR-REACHING ACCORDS, WHY WERE LEADERS INTERESTED IN PURSUING THEM? THE SECOND ISSUE IS WHY WERE THE COUNTRIES ABLE TO REACH AGREEMENT? A NUMBER OF FACTORS, SUCH AS THE END OF THE COLD WAR AND THE ECONOMIC DIFFICULTIES EXPERIENCED BY THE ADVANCED INDUSTRIAL COUNTRIES AFTER 1987, COULD HAVE UNDERMINED SUCH CO-OPERATION. FINALLY, WHAT MADE DOMESTIC RATIFICATION POSSIBLE? POLITICAL LEADERS WHO NEGOTIATE NAFTA AND EMU HAD TO OBTAIN DOMESTIC APPROVAL FROM THEIR LEGISLATURES OR ELECTORATES. RATIFICATION PROVED TO BE A PROBLEM IN BOTH AGREEMENTS.

THIS PAPER HAS THREE TASKS. FIRST, IT EXAMINES VARIOUS SALIENT THEORIES ABOUT THE INTERNATIONAL FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE COOPERATION AMONG STATES. SECOND, IT SUGGESTS WHY THESE THEORIES ARE INADEQUATE AND WHY CERTAIN DOMESTIC SOURCES MUST BE CONSIDERED. THIRD, IT EXAMINES THE CASES OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION OVER THE CONTROL OF OIL IN THE 1940S TO SEE THE ROLE DOMESTIC FACTORS PLAYED. IT CONCLUDES BY SUGGESTING HOW SUCH AN EXPLANATION CAN AID IN UNDERSTANDING CONTEMPORARY OIL POLITICS.

Considers why advanced industrial states were able to keep their economies relatively open to foreign trade in the 1970s and the early 1980s, despite declining U.S. hegemony and increasing economic difficulties. Argues that an international level change affected domestic trade politics and contributed to the maintenance of a liberal trading system. Examining the United States and France, shows how domestic trade politics were changed and how this change affected the policy process. (Abstract amended)

Narrative inquiry and self-study are used as analytic and conceptual lenses to examine the author's teacher education course where he attempted to introduce the relevance and centrality of race and racism in society and thus education. Implications of the study point to the important role of personal experiences in curriculum development and implementation. The narrative can prove effective in breaking down barriers of resistance around muted and what seem to be taboo topics—race and racism in education. In addition, self-study is critical to the learning of teacher educators and should be used to help build and expand our knowledge in the teaching of race and racism in teacher education for the benefit of all students in P-12 classrooms, particularly those in urban contexts.

Responses to Susan Strange challenge to 'the persistent myth of lost hegemony' in the Autumn 1987 issue of International Organization (vol. 41, no.4), pp.551-74. Though not necessarily incorrect, her argument hinges on a crucial table, which she misinterpreted. (SJO)

"This second edition offers a fresh, fluid, and diverse range of perspectives from which the authors describe, analyze and offer recommendations for urban education in the U.S. Each of the seven sections includes an introduction, providing an overview and contextualization of the contents. In addition, there are discussion questions at the conclusion of each of the 30 chapters. The book covers a wide and deep range of the landscape of urban education. It is a powerful and accessible introduction to the field of urban education for researchers, theorists, policymakers and practitioners as well as a critical call for the future of the field for those more seasoned in the field"--

Hypothesizes that rising economies of scale and steep learning curves will necessitate that firms have access to global markets via exports. If growing dependence on world markets is combined with foreign government subsidies or protection, the trade preferences of firms will shift from unconditional free trade to demands that openness at home be contingent on openness overseas. (Abstract amended)