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By analyzing the case of the 2019 European Parliament elections, the article examines the hypothesis about the second-order character of elections to the European Parliament. Moving within the theoretical framework that has been developing since the first direct EP elections in 1979, we critically examine the conditions in which the last electoral cycle took place and we look for the novelties that could have impacted the changing of this prevalent paradigm. Although we find certain changes that contribute to the 'Europeanization' of these elections, we conclude that the most previous hypotheses are still valid confirming that we are still dealing with the secondorder electoral contest. The last European Parliament elections, as well as the subsequent European chief executive election process, brought new circumstances that could even contribute to maintaining the second-order character of the EP elections. ; Rad nastoji da ispita tezu o drugorazrednom značaju izbora za Evropski parlament na primeru izbora iz 2019. godine. Oslanjajući se na teorijski okvir za posmatranje izbora za Evropski parlament kao drugorazredne nacionalne izborne arene, koji se razvijao od prvih neposrednih izbora 1979. godine, kritički se preispituju uslovi u kojima se odvijao poslednji izborni ciklus i novine koje su mogle uticati da se ovakva slika o izborima promeni. Autori zaključuju da je do određenih promena došlo, pre svega u pravcu "evropeizovanja" ovih izbora, međutim, da je još uvek validna većina pretpostavki da se radi o drugorazrednom izbornom takmičenju. Prilikom izbora iz 2019, kao i naknadne procedure izbora šefa izvršne vlasti Evropske unije, došlo je do novih okolnosti koje bi čak mogle i doprineti da se drugorazredni karakter izbora za Evropski parlament nastavi.

There is an increasing interest on neonicotinoid residues determination in honey samples because they are banned by European Union. Their determination is based on liquid chromatography analytical methods and, therefore, the aim of this study was to develop the analytical method for quantifying these compounds using different sample preparation techniques. The sample preparation was conducted by two different techniques and the new HPLC-DAD method was developed and validated assuring reliable accuracy (R, 70-120 %), repeatability (RSD, < 20 %) and within-laboratory reproducibility (RSD, <20 %). Also, low limits of detection and quantification (LOD, 2.5-5.0 μg kg-1; LOQ, 7.5-10.0 μg kg-1) for the mentioned method were achieved. To address the importance of honey safety control more than 100 samples from Vojvodina region were analyzed showing residues of neonicotinoids. The HPLC-MS/MS method was used to confirm the presence of neonicotinoids quantified using validated HPLC-DAD method.

After the European Union banned the use of the neonicotinoids in flowering crops that honeybee might visit, there has been an increased interest on their determination in honeybee products such as honey. The objective of this study was to develop analytical methods based on liquid chromatography, equipped with the two different detectors. Sample preparation procedure for the analysis of selected neonicotinoids in honey samples included two different techniques. Both of the optimized methods ware validated providing results for accuracy (R, 70-120 %), repeatability (RSD, < 20 %) and within-laboratory reproducibility (RSD, <20%), limit of detection (LOD, 2.5-5.0 µg kg-1) and quantification (LOQ, 7.5-10.0 µg kg-1). More than 100 honey samples were analyzed discovering the presence of selected neonicotinoids, therefore implicating the necessity of ongoing control of this type of food.