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Mir reviews WILL SECULAR INDIA SURVIVE? edited by Mushirul Hasan.

Mainstream management texts seek to legitimize a social order in which certain power relationships are naturalized and seen as the logical end of a historical development. Also, the ideological basis of managerialism determines the nature of the managerial discourse in which some interests are privileged whereas others are marginalized. Because they promote a managerial ideology in which sectional interests are passed off as universal, management texts can be seen, at least partly, as instruments of propaganda.

Crime or misdemeanor concept of variable in space and time is a complex phenomenon and that there are different views about it. The point where they exercised control over it. For a long time, it was thought that the only way and the best measures to control crime in the criminal justice system and through punishment is formed. But today, there is a convergence on the issue of criminalization process is not a necessary condition for social control, in other words only controls do not appear in official forms This approach eventually led to the emergence of the concept of preventive criminology narrow focus of prevention. This means using different techniques in order to prevent delinquency, aimed to prevent crime go and stay ahead of crime. That is applied in two ways: First, by eliminating or limiting factors causing offense and the management of environmental factors (physical and social) which in turn will create opportunities for crime. Here prevention of recidivism is not considered by us, but measures were taken to an observer before committing a crime or prevent criminal in our situation before. This means the prevention of criminal policy, along with criminal prevention equipment and facilities, they are used as a complementary mechanism. So prevention is to own means of non-violent measures outside the criminal justice system and by civil society or with the cooperation of the public sector in relation to specific environments, specific groups of people or the public, will be applied.

The role of public enterprise banks/financial institutions and their relationship with other public enterprises in Pakistan / Zafar Iqbal -- The role of public enterprise banks/financial institutions and their relationship with other public enterprises in India / Manu R. Shroff -- The role of government financial institutions in Japan / Hiromitsu Ishi -- The experience of the National Development Bank of Sri Lanka / R.M.S. Fernando -- Institutional, operational, and financial characteristics of development banking in Latin America / Rommel Acevedo -- The developmental role of OPEC/ARAB funds and international Arab and Islamic banks / Traute Wohlers-Scharf

AbstractIn this paper, we argue that the system of student debt functions as one of the most egregious and yet poorly understood mechanisms by which structural racism is reproduced in the U.S. today. We present evidence that student debt is unevenly distributed across race and gender, show that this pattern arises from policy choices made over time, and demonstrate that these disparities play a significant role in maintaining and exacerbating racial and gender wealth gaps. Our paper contends that the student debt crisis not only erodes the core principles of higher education but also perpetuates a cycle of racial and gender inequality and given the crucial role played by business corporations, urges scholars of business ethics to pay attention to this issue.

This paper focuses on the current phase of Black resistance exemplified by the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement, which urges us to recognize and reckon with the differential racial impact of student debt in the U.S. and calls for the cancelation of student debt as an explicit part of its demand for reparations. Using the concept of racial capitalism, the paper examines the structure of student debt and its consequences for Black borrowers, analyzes the structural reasons behind the disproportionate debt burden borne by Black students, and highlights movements such as the Debt Collective and BLM, which not only offer a critique of the debt regime but also suggest ways of organizing against it.

It is perhaps a truism that modern organizational theory has tended to objectify the colonized nations, and the subjects of imperialism. Even the critical traditions in OT tend to be mired in Eurocentric assumptions, and many of the issues that affected the 'victims of globalization' simply did not figure in OT debates till the 1980s. In the 1990s, when organizational theorists focusing on workers and subjects from the poorer South began expressly to 'write back', i.e. theorize eloquently on how they could restore their own agency in organizational life, they found a contingent ally in Organization. Not that the Journal did not have its blind spots in this regard, but since its inception in 1994, it has published a number of articles that sought to give voice to those who decentred OT's Eurocentric assumptions. In this brief essay, we attempt to chart that partnership, and speak about a possible role for Organization in furthering this quest.

In this article, the authors empirically study the transfer of knowledge across international boundaries through a case study. Using data from field-based research in India, they comment on the similarities between the encounter between a multinational corporation (MNC) and its contractor located in the third world and older relationships between institutions in the era of colonialism. The authors contend that even though the MNC was able in this case to appropriate a value-creating process from its contractor over the short term, its actions are still potentially counterproductive in the long run. They analyze this episode of knowledge transfer using the theoretical constructs of signification and hegemony, where dominant social groups seek to manufacture the consent of subordinate groups, an act that often remains incomplete and contested.

The authors use the insights of C. Wright Mills and his book The Sociological Imagination to argue for a more socially engaged organizational research. Although epistemological and methodological discussions about organizational research have opened up a space for alternate and critical theorizing, management scholarship needs to continue its search for effectiveness by developing an organizational imagination. This imagination will allow researchers to make linkages between history, structure, and individual lives in the service of an intellectual and political transformation. It will therefore push the boundaries of organizational theory to include an active engagement with the institutional forces that seek to contain and domesticate it.