Suchergebnisse

Las reformas educativas dependen, entre otros agentes, de los técnicos que las diseñan, de los políticos que deciden y les proporcionan un soporte normativo y económico y del profesorado que las realiza y cuyo papel no siempre ha recibido la relevancia que le corresponde. El ejercicio profesional está condicionado por su actitud personal y por la adquisición de competencias que dependen de su formación inicial y permanente. El objetivo de esta investigación es reflexionar, de manera sintética, sobre la formación inicial y permanente del profesorado de Primaria en las décadas de los años 1960 y 1970 teniendo en cuenta el contexto sociocultural español, el centralismo político y no democrático y las importantes reformas del Sistema Educativo que se produjeron en las dos décadas. ; Different educational reforms depend, among other agents, on the specialists who design them, the politicians who decide them and give them normative and economic support as well as on the teachers who carry them out and whose role has not always been properly considered. Teachers' activities are determined by their personal attitudes and by the acquisition of competences resulting from their initial and in-service training. The aim of this research is to consider synthetically the initial and in-service training of primary school teachers in the 1960s and 1970s, bearing in mind the Spanish socio-cultural context, the country's political, nondemocratic centralism and the important reforms of the educational system occurring during those two decades. ; Grupo de Investigación FORCE (Formación Centrada en la Escuela) Universidad de Granada

Different educational reforms depend, among other agents, on the specialists who design them, the politicians who decide them and give them normative and economic support as well as on the teachers who carry them out and whose role has not always been properly considered. Teachers' activities are determined by their personal attitudes and by the acquisition of competences resulting from their initial and in-service training. The aim of this research is to consider synthetically the initial and in-service training of primary school teachers in the 1960s and 1970s, bearing in mind the Spanish socio-cultural context, the country's political, nondemocratic centralism and the important reforms of the educational system occurring during those two decades.

Xylella fastidiosa is one of the main quarantine pathogens of the European Union that is transmitted by xylem-feeder insects (i.e. Cicadomorpha). This bacterium affects plant species of great economic importance such as almond, olive , and vine, among others. During 2020 we conducted a trial in Mallorca (Balearic Islands; Spain) to study the efficacy of colour sticky traps to capture spittle bugs (Aphrophoridae) which are considered major vectors of X. fastidiosa in the EU. Samplings were carried out weekly, from June to December 2020 in three plots: one almond orchard, one olive orchard, and one vineyard. In each plot, 16 traps of each colour (red, yellow, blue and white) were used. Traps were placed using a Latin square design in the tree canopy, cover vegetation and woody bordering shrubs. The sticky trap performance was also compared to the results obtained by using a sweeping net in the same plots during the same period of sampling. A total of 89 individuals were captured, 73 Philaenus spumarius and 16 Neophilaenus campestris, using 3458 sticky traps. The highest number of insects were captured in olive (59.55%), followed by vineyard (22.47%) and almond (17.98%). Depending on the location of the trap, 60.67% of insects were captured in trees, while 20.22% were in the cover vegetation and 19.10% in bordering shrubs. Vectors showed preference for yellow colour (57 captures; p<0.005) compared to red, white, or blue colour traps. Sticky traps showed lower number of insects (89 insects) compared to the sampling by using sweeping net (108 insects). Our results highlight that yellow coloured sticky traps are the most effective for capturing vectors of X. fastidiosa in the main crops of the Balearic Islands. ; ES; PPT; p.mercadal@uib.es

A la fecha se han liquidado, transferido, fusionado o vendido 205 entidades, y 261 se encuentran en proceso, lo que deja un saldo de alrededor de 700, comparadas con las 1.155 que existian en 1982, ano en que el presidente De la Madrid anuncio como una de las exigencias de la epoca el cambio estructural del sector paraestatal

T. 1: Marco Antonio Bernal Gutiérrez ; Miguel Ángel Romero Miranda: Chiapas: crónica de una negociación. - 1999. - 260 S. : Tab.; T. 2: Marco Antonio Bernal Gutiérrez ; Miguel Ángel Romero Miranda: Chiapas: crónica de una negociación. - 1999. - 246 S. : Tab

El artículo que presentamos se ocupa de presentar un proyecto investigación colectiva y examinar sus primeros resultados. El mismo procura reconstruir el proceso de consolidación de la hegemonía burguesa en San Luis, su experiencia como provincia autónoma y su integración al Estado Nacional. Ello implica examinar la formación de las clases sociales, su estructura interna, sus proyecciones políticas y sus enfrentamientos. Para ello, se toman una serie de variables significativas: la composición de la estructura de clases y la construcción estatal. El primer paso es la delimitación de una serie de problemas y la identificación de un conjunto de observables. Luego, se procede a realizar un balance de lo producido. Por último, se presentan las líneas puntuales de investigación y sus avances. Para estudiar la composición de la clase dominante en San Luis, hemos reconstruido el patrimonio de 54 estancieros a partir de los inventarios post-mortem, labrados en sucesiones. El resultado arroja una serie de elementos no tenidos en cuenta hasta ahora por la historiografía. Para el caso de la formación estatal, recurrimos a la reconstrucción de la evolución fiscal: el tamaño del estado provincial, las formas de recaudación y las formas en que se distribuyen los gastos. También aquí, encontramos un cuadro novedoso.

Conforme transcurre el tiempo, aparecen con mayor nitidez las posibles consecuencias que le acarreara al pais la nueva forma de insercion en el mercado internacional a traves de un tratado comercial con Estados Unidos y Canada. Una de ellas, quiza la mas importante, tiene que ver con la inminente modificacion de casi veinte leyes reglamentarias y de los articulos constitucionales 3, 27, 123 y 130, pilares fundamentales de lo que aun queda del llamado Estado de la Revolucion Mexicana

Nationalist education during the Franco era used weekly slogans written in students' notebooks as a resource for memorizing and non-critical learning. The objective of this article is to analyze the link between the world of the emotions, the content of the slogans used, and the cultivation of patriotism. We have used a methodology relevant to the curricular micro-history of a unitary school in Navafría (1964-1965 school year) in the context of Franco's Spain. We conclude by revealing an emotional indoctrination aimed at loading the students' minds with a positive emotional charge intended to generate an exclusionary and intolerant form of patriotism, at the same time that it institutionalized the past in accordance with the totalitarian interests of the regime.

La legislacion electoral en muchas de sus disposiciones ha sido rebasada. Existe un clamor generalizado para hacer de las contiendas electorales eventos transparentes y confiables. Es uno de los puntos mas algidos de la actual confrontacion politica. Chihuahua vuelve a ser el laboratorio politico de donde, seguramente, se extraeran conclusiones importantes que afectaran el futuro politico del pais. Se trata de comprobar si el PRI tiene la capacidad de adecuar sus estructuras a los nuevos retos que le demanda una sociedad cada vez mas politizada

8 p.-7 fig.1 tab. ; Triflusal is a platelet aggregation inhibitor chemically related to acetylsalicylic acid, which is used for the prevention and/or treatment of vascular thromboembolisms, which acts as a prodrug. Actually, after oral administration it is absorbed primarily in the small intestine, binds to plasma proteins (99%) and is rapidly biotransformed in the liver into its deacetylated active metabolite 2-hydroxy-4-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid (HTB). In healthy humans, the half-life of triflusal is ca. 0.5 h, whereas for HTB it is ca. 35 h. From a pharmacological point of view, it is interesting to note that HTB is itself highly active as a platelet anti-aggregant agent. Indeed, studies on the clinical profile of both drug and metabolite have shown no significant differences between them. It has been evidenced that HTB displays ability to induce photoallergy in humans. This phenomenon involves a cell-mediated immune response, which is initiated by covalent binding of a light-activated photosensitizer (or a species derived therefrom) to a protein. In this context, small proteins like ubiquitin could be appropriate models for investigating covalent binding by means of MS/MS and peptide fingerprint analysis. In previous work, it was shown that HTB forms covalent photoadducts with isolated lysine. Interestingly, ubiquitin contains seven lysine residues that could be modified by a similar reaction.With this background, the aim of the present work is to explore adduct formation between the triflusal metabolite and ubiquitin as model protein upon sunlight irradiation, combining proteomic and photophysical (fluorescence and laser flash photolysis) techniques. Photophysical and proteomic analysis demonstrates monoadduct formation as the major outcome of the reaction. Interestingly, addition can take place at any of the +-amino groups of the lysine residues of the protein and involves replacement of the trifluoromethyl moiety with a new amide function. This process can in principle occur with other trifluoroaromatic compounds and may be responsible for the appearance of undesired photoallergic side effects. ; Financial supportfromtheGeneralitatValenciana(Prometeo Program), the Spanish Government (MINECOCTQ2015-70164- P toVL-Vand SAF2012-36519 to DP-S) and the Carlos III Institute of Health(Grant RIRAAF,RETIC Sprogram, RD12/0013/0009 to MM and RD12/0013/0008 to DP-S,and Miguel Servet Contract CP11/00154forIA) is gratefully acknowledged. ; Peer reviewed

The supply of raw materials is a global challenge to be addressed; themes such as "sustainability", "responsibility", and "eco-compatibility" represent the cornerstones for proceeding towards a "wise" management of georesources. According to the United Nations' SDGs, the economic development of countries must go hand in hand with the improvement of their environmental, health, and social sustainability. From this perspective, the exploitation of georesources needs to be handled with an interdisciplinary approach that tackles not only the technical, economic, and environmental issues, but also the social, legislative, and human health ones. In recent years, Europe has promoted several cooperative projects aimed at boosting sustainability in the extractive industry. To achieve and guarantee concrete and truly sustainable mining, it is necessary to build and strengthen educational and training skills. With these objectives in mind, the first results of the EU–Africa SUGERE Erasmus+ project are presented here. The objects of the project are the implementation of Bachelor, Master, and doctoral curricula in geology and mining engineering and the promotion of socioeconomic development thanks to the training of experts who are able to cooperate and work in an interdisciplinary manner for a sustainable approach to local mine exploitation.