Suchergebnisse

The public health system is a public service that aims to improve the quality of life of the citizens. Therefore, this kind of public service is crucial for normal functioning of any state system, alongside education and the other social services. In the context of the purpose behind this research and the context of the focus of the paper under the term `health services` will be used to describe the primary, secondary and tertiary health protection, which means that the dental health protection and the pharmacy services will be out of the scope of this research. The analysis showed that the health services are categorically connected with the position, the organization, the management and funding of the health system (the legislation, the government bodies, the executives, the health institutions, the health services, human resources, citizens, IT service and other technical segments). This means that the influence of the socioeconomic development of the state reflects, directly, at the public health system. The EU integration process of the Republic of Macedonia has showed that the existing health system was needed to be reconstructed (legally and institutionally) so it could be competitive, efficient and effective. During these decades, having in mind, the EU recommendations the national health policy framework was rapidly changed. Through survey of the relevant literature, questionnaires and interviews made for the article we will try to give an answer if the parallel existence of the primary, secondary and tertiary public and private health system is justified having in mind the population of the country. Furthermore, should the secondary and tertiary segment of the public health system serve as back up to the private system, in a situation where there is a lack of doctors and other specialized medical staff, as well as lack of medical equipment to perform basic work. The question is how to find a financially sustainable public health system under which the health insured individuals get adequate and quality health service.

Telehealth seems to be the new normal in this fast-changing environment. According to the European Commission eHealth was among the highest priorities before the COVID -19 pandemic. Transformation of health and care in the digital single market is among the EU`s six political priorities of the Commission 2019-2024 (2018 Communication on Digital Health and Care). The pandemic caused by COVID-19 just accelerates the necessity of the inclusion of digital health into the traditional healthcare systems. Telehealth services are among the biggest eHealth trends in EU. Therefore, one of the challenges is the national, regional and regulatory priorities regarding telehealth. There is lack of telehealth special legislative and governmental policies that needs to stimulate the developing and innovative solutions in medicine through technology and to envisage the upcoming innovation technology. Therefore, the government support and adequate policy making is important to support the development of the telehealth services. One of the main challenges is the electronic transactions of patient data among the telehealth providers and services and the cross-border patient data share. Another issue is the exchange of information among the national health institutions and providers and their interoperability. The Macedonian legislation does not have special legislation (policies, or laws) about telehealth. Telehealth is regulated as a term in the Law on health protection. Additionally, there is a lack of national acts, literature, and research in this subject matter. Thus, this paper will explore the telehealth from two main perspectives: scientific theories and legal practice and the users' practice. Hence, this paper will analyze the legislation about the telehealth on the EU level and the EU Member States and the Macedonian legislation and the impact on the e-health that was made during COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, it will make comparative analyses among different countries into the EU zone compared with the EU aspirant ...

The European Union's restrictive measures or sanctions may be provided against one or more countries, international organizations, natural or legal persons (such as terrorists and terrorist group).In practice most used restrictive measures are the financial restrictions as asset freeze on of individuals or companies, assets bans and travel bans on individuals. But the ultimate objective of a sanction is determined in accordance with the individual situation or situation.The restrictive measures (Article 215 of Treaty of the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU)) are part of Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and judicial review is available under Article 275 TFEU, which prescribes that the Court has jurisdiction in reviewing the legality of decisions providing for restrictive measures against natural or legal persons adopted by the Council on the basis of Chapter 2 of Title V of the Treaty on European Union. This paper will analyse the legal aspects of restrictive measures and the legal nature of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) jurisdiction in this field. Second part of the paper will analyse how the European Union (EU) imposes sanctions and embargos among the member states (example Croatia) and how these measures impose to the non -State countries (example R. Macedonia).Key words: restrictive measures, legal instruments, law on international restrictive measures.

The reformed pension system in the Republic of North Macedonia has created an interest based on three poles: legal, financial and social. Therefore, the paper aims to provide not only overview of the North Macedonian pension legislative, the model of financing of the reformed pension system but also to take into account the social character of the pension system. Following the basic European values and the interception of the EC recommendations that were underline in the last 10 years for North Macedonia, the country remains moderately prepared in this area. The rapidly increased expenditure on pensions and the efforts to improve the legal, institutional and social framework on the North Macedonian pension system became new burden for the Public Pension Fund. Therefore, the sustainability and the efficiency of the contemporary pension system is under question mark. This paper will explore the major challenges and opportunities that were foster by the new pension reforms from the reconstructed pension system. The one-pillared based system (Pay As You Go system– based on principle of generation solidarity,) has become system based on three pillars (fully funded mandatory pension insurance and fully funded voluntary pension insurance). Regarding the legal and financial aspects of the reformed pension system, there will be three areas of research emphasis: delayed transfer of funds from the state pension insurance fund to private funds, the procedures for supervising voluntary pension insurance schemes and the limits on investing in non-domestic securities. These three aspects resulted in a breach of the legislation on the management of deposits in Republic of North Macedonia, and they were not in line with the acquis under Financial Services Chapter that consists mostly of legal arrangements concerning with capital markets, insurance (including individual pension systems) and banking sectors. This is why they found their place in the annual reports (for 2015, 2016 and 2018) of the European Commission on the Republic of North Macedonia in negative connotation. Analysis of the legislation, as well as comparing the legislation with EU recommendation, is expected to answer the question if our country is complying with the recommendations. The paper will be based on a legal, comparative, analytical and synthetic method that will provide a multidisciplinary approach in acquiring knowledge and in delivering results that will be of relevance to all involved stakeholders (future pensioners, pension funds, central and decentralized government).

The personnel capacities (the available human resources) in the small and medium businesses have an essential role in any national economy concerning its sustainability, economic growth and development. As a pivotal segment in the sustainability and the progress of the small and medium businesses, the personnel capacities and their proper allocation contributed the enhancement of productivity, innovation capacity and profitability in those businesses. The fact that most of the Macedonian economy is based upon small and medium trade companies, made us believe that the research would be most relevant if conducted on this category of trade subjects. The research aims to determine the real needs and challenges of the Macedonian trade companies on one hand, and their openness and availability related to the trainees on the other hand, as a future perspective for the personnel capacities of the trade companies. This would be done by focusing on the needs of the small and medium trade companies and the position of the trainees regarding the personnel capacity and the human resource management (hereinafter HRM). The whole research is based on an analysis of the statutory regulations, the operative plans of the Macedonian government and ministries, the factual condition determined based on the elaborated quantity data in the paper and finally, the close relations among the challenges and the needs of small and medium size entrepreneurs (hereinafter SMSE) versus the status of the trainees in Macedonia. The economy