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The municipal zoning process in the United States has come under increasing attack as a tool to create & maintain suburban socioeconomic homogeneity by mandating sprawl-producing single-family detached houses at the expense of less costly townhouses, apartments, & mobile homes. Beginning in the 1970s, the Supreme Courts of the neighboring states of Pennsylvania & New Jersey addressed municipal exclusionary zoning in different ways: Pennsylvania empowered residential developers to compel municipalities practicing exclusionary zoning to authorize market-rate development of all types of housing, while developer empowerment in New Jersey was conditioned upon inclusion of low- & moderate-income units. Using aerial survey & housing census data over a 20-year period, this article finds that outcomes by housing type over a 20-year period in Pennsylvania municipalities around Philadelphia were more diverse than those in adjacent New Jersey municipalities. 5 Tables, 1 Figure, 42 References. [Copyright 2004 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.]

AbstractThe municipal zoning process in the United States has come under increasing attack as a tool to create and
maintain suburban socioeconomic homogeneity by mandating sprawl‐producing single‐family detached
houses at the expense of less costly townhouses, apartments, and mobile homes. Beginning in the 1970s, the
Supreme Courts of the neighboring states of Pennsylvania and New Jersey addressed municipal exclusionary zoning
in different ways: Pennsylvania empowered residential developers to compel municipalities practicing exclusionary
zoning to authorize market‐rate development of all types of housing, while developer empowerment in New
Jersey was conditioned upon inclusion of low‐ and moderate‐income units. Using aerial survey and
housing census data over a 20‐year period, this article finds that outcomes by housing type over a
20‐year period in Pennsylvania municipalities around Philadelphia were more diverse than those in adjacent
New Jersey municipalities. © 2004 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.

Feral or free-ranging pigs have been a problem in Australia since the first years of European settlement, and they now occur in a wide range of habitat types throughout much of the continent. Feral pigs impact environmental, agricultural, and cultural resources, but they can also have commercial value from harvesting and recreational or subsistence hunting. It has been difficult to quantify many of the adverse impacts of feral pigs. Consequently, most management programs aim to mitigate actual, potential, or perceived impacts that have been inferred from observational studies and anecdotes, untested retroductive hypotheses, or observations generated from outside of Australia. Lethal control to reduce population density is the most common form of management, and it is often applied as a form of insurance, rather than to mitigate specific, measurable impacts. We suggest that future management programs should aim to quantify the effects of management actions on pig populations and the vulnerable resources that are the basis of real management objectives. There are important ethical and practical reasons for this approach, which should in turn enhance the efficiency and efficacy of management programs and help to ensure continued public and government support for ongoing mitigation of the feral pig problem.

AbstractFarm bill programs impacting beef cattle producers have been dispersed throughout previous farm bills. Greater attention on cattle markets in recent years is likely to lead to increased debate on beef cattle topics ahead of the 2023 Farm Bill. We examine cattle topics found in previous farm bills as indicators of future farm bill inclusion. We then discuss recent market events and resulting policy requests by producers. We subsequently focus on current topics that seem likely to spill over into farm bill debate, and we finish with suggestions regarding where agricultural economists can provide useful input into the policy process.