Suchergebnisse

It is argued that cross-cutting memberships are assumed to he relevant to internat'l org hut generally are ignored in discussions of org'al integration because such memberships arc viewed as resultant rather than causal in the internat'l integrative process. Such memberships are listed as related to at least 6 factors res has indicated may influence the integrative process: proximity, transactions or interactions, mutual knowledge, shared functional interest, the structural frame. & previous integrative experience. Membership in a number of org's, not all of which involve identical members or even identical goats or tasks, is suggested as a useful definition of cross-cutting memberships, which can be classified along a compatible-neutral-competing continuum. It is suggested that there is an over-emphasis on nation-states as compared to nongoy'al actors in consideration of cross-cutting memberships in the internat'l system. It is concluded that empirical investigation of the assumption that cross-cutting memberships tend to he resultant rather than causal in the internat'I integrative process might resolve contradictions inmplicitin the idea that cross-cutting memmberships are part of a cumulative process of build-up & spill-over that contributes toward integration, Such investigation might also show that functional contexts are autonomous & integrative success or failure from one kind of activity does not necessarily carry over to others. & would serve to test the --self-evident- propositions that (1) cross-cutting memberships contribute to internal'( integration. & (2) cross-cutting memberships promote factionalism & regionalism & thus contribute to internat'l disintegration. AA.

This is the first description of Thailand's 51 nondaily newspapers, 64 radio stations and five television stations. The country's 22 dailies are also reported on and media use is analyzed.

The mass media as agents of socialization have come to fill quite different roles in these two Asian nations with common cultural roots in the traditions of the family and Confucianism.