Originally published in 1999 this exceptionally clear and lucid book quickly became the standard overview of what are now called 'governmentality studies'. With its emphasis on the relationship between governmentality and other key concepts drawn from Michel Foucault, such as bio-politics and sovereignty, the first edition anticipated and defined the terms of contemporary debate and analysis. In this timely second edition Mitchell Dean engages with the full textual basis of Foucault's lectures and once again provides invaluable insights into the traditions, methods and theories of politica
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The estate tax treatment of publicity rights factors into the debate regarding whether such rights should be transferrable at death. Some point to the estate tax as a reason for making publicity rights non-transferrable. For if they are transferrable, estate-tax inclusion could result. And, the argument goes, the estate or the beneficiaries could well be coerced into commercializing the rights in order to raise the money to pay the tax. Making them nontransferable would eliminate this possibility. This Article considers some of the connections between the federal estate tax and the state law treatment of publicity rights. It concludes with a suggestion about the tax treatment of publicity rights at a more general level. Part I explores the estate tax treatment of publicity rights and, in particular, the provision the celebrity Robin Williams used in his will in order to address his apparent concern about forced commercialization. While the provision appears to be based on dicta in the Ninth Circuit, its effectiveness is questionable. This Part concludes with a recommendation that legislation at the state level permit celebrities to extinguish during life their post-death publicity rights. With such legislation in place, the concern about forced commercialization would be eliminated—thus permitting the state law question of transferability to be resolved solely on the basis of non-tax considerations. Part II considers the characterization of post-death publicity rights as an independent right under state legislation and the estate tax implications of such a characterization. An analogy is made to the estate-tax treatment of wrongful death proceeds, which are typically characterized as independent of the victim's pre-death claim and are therefore not included in the gross estate. Part III examines two ancillary estate-tax issues that can arise where state law authorizes transferability: first, the impact of retroactive state legislation making publicity rights transferrable in the case of a decedent dying prior to enactment; and, second, the impact of a movement away from traditional choice-of-law rules in this context. Part IV concludes with a broader suggestion: that the estate tax be made entirely inapplicable to publicity rights without regard to the state law question of transferability. Instead, the proceeds from the exploitation of these rights would be fully taxable as income to the beneficiaries when received, obviating the need to engage in a difficult, potentially protracted inquiry into the valuation of the rights at the time of death.
Im Rahmen einer Untersuchung mit Erwachsenen, die sich um einen Oberschulabschluss bemühten, kam eine grounded action-Methodologie (GA) zum Einsatz. Der GLASERschen Fassung der grounded theory (GT) folgend, wurden neben Beobachtungen in Klassenräumen über 50 erwachsene Student(inn)en aus Erwachsenenförderprogrammen oder Abiturlehrgängen interviewt. Im Rahmen dieser Anwendung wurde eine erklärende Theorie um die Kernkategorie driven succeeding generiert, die fünf Stadien umfasste: sich einlassen, Visionen entwickeln, investieren, verstehen und reifen. In dem Beitrag wird ein Überblick über die erklärende Theorie des driven succeeding gegeben, verbunden mit Beispielen, wie eine zusätzliche operationale GA-Theorie und wie entsprechende Interventionsstrategien (SIMMONS & GREGORY 2003) in der Lehrpraxis implementiert wurden. Die grounded action-Methodology erwies sich in diesem Zusammenhang als hilfreiches Instrument, um das Handeln der Student(inn)en vorherzusagen, sinnvolle und nachhaltige Interventionen zu konzipieren und so einen systematischen Einfluss auf die Gestaltung des Lehrplans und die Förderung der Studierenden zu ermöglichen.
Army trainees unaware that they were serving in an experiment were, under controlled conditions, led to believe that either (1) an aircraft in which they were passengers was about to make an emergency crash landing, (2) their outpost was now an artillery impact area, or (3) they had caused serious injury to a buddy by a mistake in wiring up explosive charges. They were required to demonstrate knowledge of crash-landing procedures or repair a malfunctioning telephone to summon aid. Average performance under threat was significantly poorer than performance of the same act by other Ss motivated without threat. Soldiers with more military experience than trainees react differently both to the threat condition (they do better) and to the comparable non-threat condition (poorer).
We examine Hong Kong's role in the modernization of manufacturing industries in Mainland China and its province of Guangdong. Hong Kong's role has evolved from trading intermediary to low-cost mainland manufacturer to provider of key business, fnancial, and supply chain services.
Proposes a pragmatic approach to product costing. The approach involves two stages, namely the preparatory stage and the production stage. In the preparatory stage, standard routings are first extracted from existing products. A generic activity hierarchy is established according to the analysis of standard routings, where cost drivers for each activity are identified and summarized by appropriate Cost‐related Design Features (CDFs). Then the Maynard Operation Sequence Technique (MOST) is employed to analyze each operation of standard routings to determine the associated standard time. Historical cost data are analyzed to induce the relationships between the CDFs and standard time, namely Time‐Estimating Relationships (TERs). By allocating plant‐wide overhead costs to standard routings, the unit price of standard time is established to indicate Cost‐Estimating Relationships (CERs). A library of material costs is also summarized from existing products. In the production stage, CDFs are first induced from the schematic of a new design. Then a "dummy process plan" for this design can be inferred and used to retrieve the associated TERs to determine its time estimate. Once a standard time has been estimated, CERs can be applied to compile the total product cost by adding the estimated material costs. A case study conducted in an electronics enterprise is also reported.
