Suchergebnisse

Preface: Overview of the Japanese ICT Policies -- Part I Introduction -- Fundamentals of the Japanese ICT Policies: Regulatory framework -- Broadband development policy, Digital divide and universal service -- Interconnection and number policies -- Part II Radio Spectrum -- Spectrum Management -- Development of Mobile Technology (3G, 4G, 5G) -- Efficient Use of Radio Spectrum -- Part III Personal Data, Privacy and Security -- Cybersecurity -- Consumer protection and security -- Personal Data Protection -- Part IV Cutting-Edge ICT -- Big Data, IoT, AI and Smart City -- Net neutrality -- International Cooperation -- Part V ICT in the Global Context -- ICT for Education and Literacy -- International Cooperation ODA.

Foreword -- Introduction -- Chapter 1. Development of Infrastructure Sharing in the Mobile Market -- Chapter 2. Regulating Online Platforms -- Chapter 3. Interdependency on the Data Platform and its Effect on the Diffusion of Autonomous Driving -- Chapter 4. Video/Visual Content Industry in Japan -- Chapter 5. 5G trends and its use cases -- Chapter 6. Measures to develop AI human resources in Japan- Society 5.0 and investment in the next generation -- Chapter 7. New competition in regulated service markets after smartphone diffusion: Regulations on ride-hailing services in Japan -- Chapter 8. The preference of payment of game players in the cross-platform era: Based on the results of a survey of smartphone users in Japan, the U.K. and China -- Chapter 9. Acceptability of the "Right to be Forgotten" in Japan -- Chapter 10. The economic value of personal information: analysis of information leakage incidents.

This book provides an analysis of the various challenges and opportunities facing the Japanese broadcasting industry. It is the first book in English that explores how Japanese broadcasting, especially commercial broadcasting, fulfills its social mission under the threat of the increased popularity of Internet-based media services as it reexamines the role and nature of broadcasting. During a series of disasters and the spread of the new coronavirus in Japan, while varied media connected people and supported socio-economic activities, broadcasting continued to be the most trusted. However, as Internet media attract increasing attention, the trend in broadcast viewership is downward. Commercial broadcasting, in particular, will be strongly affected by that trend and the impact of the shrinking population. Recognizing that such dramatic technological and environmental changes are under way, in addition to the eleven researchers participating in the visiting researcher committee at the Research Institute of the Japan Commercial Broadcasters Association (JBA), four research collaborators and the secretariat (director of the JBA) have contributed to this book. They have taken up issues related to challenges and opportunities for the broadcasting industry based on their respective areas of awareness of the problems, including policies for broadcasting, fake news, disaster responses, viewer trust in television programs, competition with Internet-based services, and the business model for broadcasting.

This study focuses on the regulations and policy launched by the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) responding to the emerging media convergence and Over-the-top (OTT) services. These issues have become more of a concern due to their huge impact on the digital economy. Regarding the data derived from the three key ICT institutional mechanisms of ASEAN, the results indicate that ASEAN launched policies responding to the rise of convergence and OTT depending on the main agenda set at that period of time. The characteristic of the policy is superficial and intangible. Nevertheless, the market of media convergence and OTT are increasing, so they are recently considered as important issues in the telecommunications area. Nevertheless, it is still in the early stage, so the responding policy is researching and sharing the experiences between members and external dialogue partners.

This study attempted to analyze the effect of regulation and political stability in allocation of mobile telecommunication investments in the African continent between year 2001 and 2011. In order to better understand the dynamics of investment in telecommunications, a framework was developed to understand the factors that determine investments in telecom industry at country and industry level, particularly: institutions, market size/demand level, market structure and investing cost. The results show that investments in the telecommunications industry are positively dependent on liberalization that opened the market to private sector; however, no statistical evidence was found on the effect of political stability measured by the democratic process. Further, the study has shown that market structure especially competition, and market size and cost of investing in a country are important factors for investments allocation in mobile telecommunications industry among African countries.

The relationship between leadership development and multiplayer online battle arena games (MOBA) are examined using two popular games of this genre: Defense of The Ancients (DOTA) and Heroes of Newerth (HON). Similar existing research notably includes IBM's Leadership in Games and at Work: Implication for the Enterprise of Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games published in 2007, positively concluding the contribution online games have towards leadership development. Close-ended surveys created based on Fred Fiedler's contingency model (1967) and Kurt Lewin's leadership model (1939) were distributed in Thailand both in written and online formats. The targeted respondent demographic is unemployed Thai game players 13 years old or above. Survey content determined the respondent's leadership style (authoritarian, democratic or laissez-faire) and game role (carry, support or ganker). Multinomial logistic regression and factor analyses determined that the 3197 eligible surveys collected shows a relation between MOBA games and leadership development. Based on the findings, it is concluded that those who are characterized as the game role carry are more likely to have the authoritarian leadership style and less likely to have laissez-faire leadership style. Those who are characterized as the game roles support and ganker are more likely to have the democratic leadership style and less likely to have authoritarian and laissez-faire leadership styles. Other demographic data such as age, income and education level are found to be statistically insignificant in influencing leadership development. The conclusions presented impacts the current available literature, which tends to present a comparatively negative view relevant to online games and individual behavior. Potential game development based on research findings may aid in the improvement of individuals' leadership capabilities.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to empirically examine structural and psychological factors that may affect disaster evacuees' usage of different media channels in a multichannel media environment.Design/methodology/approachThe present study uses the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake in Japan as the case study. It adopts a quantitative approach using structural equation modelling with data collected from an original questionnaire survey (n=744).FindingsThe results show that the evacuees' usage of almost all media channels is positively related to the number of different types of media terminals they had. That said, those who were evacuated mandatorily tend to utilise internet-enabled media channels more. It is also found that traditional broadcast and internet-enabled media channels complement each other instead of displacing. Thus, multichannel appears to be an effective means for disseminating disaster information. However, it is also found that having access to a particular media channel does not necessarily mean that people will utilise it.Practical implicationsTo fully utilise the multichannel media environment for disaster information dissemination, governments and media organisations also need to focus on the quality of the information being disseminated over both traditional broadcast and internet-enabled media channels.Originality/valueFew studies have empirically examined factors that affect disaster evacuees' usage of different media channels in a multichannel media environment. This study fills this gap and the findings may help governments and media organisations in utilising multiple media channels to disseminate disaster information.

Rapid ICT development in recent decades has attracted substantial consideration from academia. Moreover, many studies suggest the advancement of mobile technology has the substantial effect on development, especially in developing countries. Despite the massive adoption of mobile communication, there is a sparse study on emerging economy. Furthermore, Indonesia as a coastal nation has diverse social and geographical state, which affected the different impact of mobile adoption on the regional economy. In this study, we address the question on the mobile impact of the economy of 34 provinces in Indonesia by exploiting panel data for the 2009-2017 period with fixed effect model. Finding from our study present evidence the mobile adoption has positive relationships with economic growth especially in low-income per capita region. Moreover, we also found province with higher growth has benefited from more extended education level. Another interesting evidence suggests province with lower economic growth experienced higher income per capita. The government, business and society should consider the finding, especially on ICT development at the regional level.

The role of government in telecommunication infrastructure provision is important in developing countries as weak demand and high deployment cost exists, limit private initiative. As ICT infrastructure is substantial, some local government implemented a local broadband initiative to provide access both to internal demand as well as public services. The local autonomy Act also grants local government broad authority on regulating the broadband development. The initiative mostly has a positive impact even though some practice hinders broadband expansion, considering the variance of regulation increased administrative cost as well as mandated monopoly in some area. Bandung municipality exercise shared duct policy to accelerating its broadband development and meet city planning as well as gaining direct revenue from broadband business and investment. Despite optimism from the local government, the policy has failed to reach its goal due to the absence of anchor legal framework, diminishing the opportunity for resource allocation and sounded local policy. Moreover, lack of human resources effected on shared duct business sustainability, and discouraged operator in utilising shared duct and questioning the sustainability. The government need to overhaul law on telecommunication, to meet broadband era and provide an opportunity for local authorities in broadband development as well as sounded foundation policy.

Studies find that in time of crisis such as natural disasters, in most cases, people in crowds are capable to remain calm and to help each other. Referred as 'collective resilience', this capability can increase a society's capacity to withstand crises and disasters. Therefore, for both academia and governments, it is important to understand the factors and mechanisms of collective resilience. Considering the increasingly important role of ICT in disasters, we anticipate that it can also contribute to collective resilience. However, currently few studies have explored the connections between these two concepts empirically. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the roles and effects of ICT in collective resilience in a time of crisis. This study uses the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake as the case study. In particular, the large crowds of stranded commuters in Tokyo when the earthquake struck. Using a quantitative approach with 258 samples collected from a survey, the preliminarily results have shown the presence of collective resilience among the stranded commuters. For instance, most of them felt a sense of shared identity and interdependence with others. Moreover, the results have also revealed the two main roles of ICT in collective resilience. First, by providing information and advice on what to do, ICT information can keep people in a crowd to stay in the state of collective resilience together. The second role is to reduce the chance of mass panic or herd behaviour. This is because ICT information can increase a person's knowledge of the situation. Such knowledge can help them to make their own decisions rationally, thus reduce their dependence on others.

The objective of this book is to present a comprehensive evaluation of the smart revolution, including its social and economic impacts. It proposes a modern framework to help assess how recent Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) can contribute to societies as a whole. The authors offer a guide to how advanced network technologies have led to a greater variety of applications and social networking services. These allow people to connect with each other both at a more personal and global level, and will ultimately herald a new era of ICTs that will shape the 'digital society'. This essential resource will appeal to academics, government officials and practitioners in telecommunications and media.

In this article, we review Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) policymaking and regulation of the regional economic communities (RECs) in conjunction with their regional regulators' associations (RRAs) in the region of Asia-Pacific.Undoubtedly, this regulatory structure has been drafted with a regional mindset: to promote the harmony among members and to form regional associations in hope of stimulating cross-border cooperation and market development. This paper focuses on the political and legal aspects of ICT regulatory policies, the development and the rising number of cooperation programs as well as the visions of RECs and RRAs in the Asia-Pacific. By employing the framework of regulatory regionalism, particularly on the idea that the policies can be conceptualized as a territorial political system taking place in the institutional space of the state, we explore different implementations of regional regulations on ICT that are essential to understand the dynamics of new mode of regional governance.

There are manifold causal linkages between information and communications technologies (ICTs) and social sustainability. In this article, these linkages are classified into three areas: direct improvement of corporate productivity, changed behaviour of people/organizations, and improved decision‐making capabilities within society. A framework is proposed to analyse the first two of these three linkages, together with the results of a questionnaire survey. These point to a continuous growth trend in Japanese ICT investment with sectoral variations, and statistically significant evidence of ICTs' contributions to corporate operations and environmental issues.

The Concept of "Communications" and "Broadcasting" in the Era of Digital Convergence -- Japan's Broadcasting System from the Perspective of its Demographics in 2040 -- An Outlook on Broadcasting in 2036 - The state of broadcasting in the UK and Japanese broadcasting policy -- An International Comparison of Simulcasting and Webcasting: From Facilitating Transmission to Communication to the Public -- The Development of Japanese broadcasting and the Training System -- Business Models for Commercial Broadcasters in Japan – Will there be New Developments in the Digital Age? -- Inter-Media Competition: The Differentiation Strategy and Catch-up Strategy of the Television Industry against the Internet -- How People Respond to Fake News: A Comparison of Japan, South Korea, and Thailand -- Local News in the Digital Age: A Consideration of Disaster Reporting -- Trust in Television and its Relationship with Entertainment Program Preferences -- Television Viewing via the Internet: Time-shift and TVer -- Internet Simulcast Distribution of Broadcast Media: An Assessment of Actual State and Demand.

This study empirically examines factors that influence public opinion towards regulating fake news in three Asian countries: Japan, South Korea, and Thailand. Based on the lesser evil principle, it is hypothesised that the perceived harm of fake news (one evil) will increase one's support towards regulating it. In parallel, it is also anticipated that some people might realise that restricting fake news may also harm freedom of expression (another evil) and thus, those who use fact-checking websites (a non-regulatory counter fake news solution) would be less supportive towards regulating fake news. Using original survey data collected from the three countries (n=5,218) and multi-group SEM analysis, it is found that the above hypotheses hold true for respondents from Japan and South Korea, but not for those from Thailand. This implies that the lesser evil principle may be applicable only in democratic countries, where freedom of expression is protected.