Suchergebnisse

Phenomenon of use of megaprojects as an instrument of territorial development has been poorly studied by the domestic (Russian) economic science that results in deficit of research directed on the integrated comparative analysis of processes of formation and realization of territorial megaprojects. Authors of the article set the task partly to fill this gap. Using the example of the historic infrastructural megaprojects (construction of Trans-Siberian Railroad (Transsib) and Baikal-Amur Mainline (BAM)). The authors examined the reasons for their successfulness and failures. The plans of the Russian Federal Government concerning the modernization these infrastructural megaprojects are revealed. Russia started another strategically crucial for the region of Ural and Russia in general megaproject "Ural Industrial – Ural Polar". The authors carried out an analysis of the stages of the life cycle of this contemporary important project and proved that it turned into a number of separate local investment projects which are not connected by a common conception. This circumstance lead to a considerable weakening of the cumulative integration results after its realization. DOI:10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3s1p586

Introduction. In the current political process in Russia, national projects occupy an important place, working as one of the main tools for the achievement of national goals. The projects are usually made more specific at the regional level of administration and include the strategic goal of regional development, the amount of resources allocated for their achievement, as well as the responsibility of the officials for their use. The article examines the impact of implementing national projects of the "first wave" (from 2006–2010 to 2018) and the first results of the projects of the "second wave" (designed for 2019–2024) on solving the problems of effectiveness growth of public administration of the balanced development of old industrial regions of Southern Russia – Volgograd and Rostov regions. The problems of this study are justified by the expansion of using program-targeted methods in the organizational environment of regional management, what implies the need to assess the compliance of the results achieved during the implementation of projects with the goals of state regional policy.

Methodology and methods. The research methodology is based on the provisions of the concept of sustainable development, as well as the system paradigm of G.B. Kleiner devoted to the need for the interconnected development of the object, environment and control subsystems. In the study of the effectiveness of national projects and their impact on the balanced development of old industrial regions of the South of Russia, the effective approach and the comparative analysis method were used.

Analysis. The study shows that the degree of involvement of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in implementing program activities of national projects is determined by the volumes of regional budgets, as well as the priorities facing a region. From the standpoint of sustainability and balance of regional development, there is a disagreement in the processes of modernization changes in the subsystems of the object, environment and management, what leads to the underutilization of the resource potential of the regions in the achievement of national goals.

Results. The priorities of goal setting in Volgograd and Rostov regions in the implementation of national projects are studied. The feedbacks of the regional system to the measures mentioned in national projects, as well as limiting factors for the achievement of their objectives are identified. The idea of the coordinated development of the object, environment and management subsystems of a region for the effectiveness growth of public administration of the balanced regional development is substantiated. It is concluded that the administration and management of modern national projects is not so much a managerial task but rather a political one, and therefore their implementation implies the solution of such political goals as carefulness in setting goals and choosing priorities, building effective mechanisms of the interaction between federal and regional authorities, and also with local target population.

Introduction. Ineffective resolution of economic problems by political institutions can jeopardize a country's technological sovereignty in the face of existing geopolitical challenges. The purpose of the article is to identify areas for increasing the efficiency of the functioning of political institutions from the point of view of ensuring the economic security of the southern Russian regions, considering the challenges of socio-economic development that exist for them. Methodology and methods. This study centers on the Southern Federal District, which acts as an administrative entity responsible for implementing regional-level economic policies. The research utilized content analysis of scientific publications and comparative analysis of regional socio-economic indicators of economic development as part of implementing economic policy. The method for analyzing the influence of political institutions on economic development was based on the principle of balancing the combination of tactical and strategic decisions in assessing the effectiveness of implemented measures and was based on the basic principles of the theory of factors of production. Analysis. An analysis of the results of the economic policy pursued in the southern Russian regions showed that a relatively high level of resistance to sanctions challenges is ensured mainly by the export capabilities of agricultural products. However, the continued high level of import dependence on production increases the risk of conflict over the use of production factors between exportoriented companies and companies oriented to the domestic market, which creates significant threats to the implementation of national growth models. The turn of state economic policy towards the global East and South poses the tasks of the authorities of the southern Russian regions to develop transport infrastructure, as well as state support for companies participating in the construction of new production and supply chains. At the same time, increasing migration flows from border areas requires solving the problem of ensuring the socio-economic well-being of both the people moving and the host community. Results. It was found that the existing political risks to the economic development of southern Russian regions are associated with a lack of balance between the political decisions made and the strategic objectives of achieving technological sovereignty. It is concluded that the conditions of modern economic reality require economic and political mobilization to achieve value consensus and consolidation in society in order to solve the problems of economic development, implemented through the responsibility and patriotic position of political and economic elites at all levels of government. Authors' contribution. I.V. Mitrofanova: development and justification of the concept; interpretation and synthesis of research results; O.A. Chernova: formation of methodology; development of research design; content analysis; formulation of conclusions.

Introduction. The need to respond to external shocks determines the adjustment of state policy in order to maintain a stable socio-economic situation in the regions. This study aims to determine how the political strategy of solving the problems of increasing political stability and economic security is changing in the regions in the face of growing economic pressure from Western countries, as well as evaluate the effectiveness of the measures taken. Methodology and methods. The object of the study was the Volgograd and Rostov regions. Research methods included: a systematic approach to the analysis of the economic policy of the region as an integral component of ensuring national security in the face of external shocks; context analysis of documents adopted by the legislative authorities of the regions in relation to the implementation of economic policy; and a comparative analysis of indicators of economic security in the regions. As indicators characterizing the effectiveness of economic policy measures, indicators of the economic security of the region, formed in the context of the goals and directions laid down in the Economic Security Strategy of the Russian Federation, were used. Analysis. The results of the analysis showed that, from the point of view of maintaining economic security, the measures to support capitalist relations associated with the increment of the total assets of the region showed the greatest effectiveness. At the same time, there is a clear shortage of state support instruments in the social sphere. Results. It was found that the political goals of the authorities in the face of increasing current shocks have shifted from "adaptation as a way of survival", characteristic of the period of the COVID-19 pandemic, to "ensuring economic security through renewal." At the same time, a significant role in the implementation of political strategies of public administration in the regions was assigned to new practices of subsidiarity with a focus on strengthening cooperation between authorities, local communities, and the private sector. It is concluded that the ways of adapting the South Russian regions to current challenges involve the further development of intra-regional interactions among a wide range of agents, with special attention to the role of formal and informal institutions in solving the problems of ensuring economic security. Authors' contribution. I.V. Mitrofanova: development and substantiation of the concept, interpretation and generalization of research results, formulation of conclusions, design and editing of the manuscript; O.A. Chernova: formation of methodology, development of research design, context analysis of documents accepted by regional authorities, design and editing of the manuscript.

Introduction. This study analyzes the anti-crisis policy of the southern Russian regions during the three waves of the pandemic, and also assesses the nature of its change as the corona crisis develops. It was important to identify how the regional anti-crisis policy determines the choice of mechanisms and tools for solving the problems of socio-economic development of regions. Methodology and methods. The analysis was carried out in accordance with the methodology proposed by G. Buckert, in the following areas of anti-crisis management: monitoring, training, decision-making, coordination, communication, leadership and recovery potential. The following methods were used to conduct the study: context analysis – a qualitative analysis of documents adopted by regional authorities; quantitative analysis – analysis of socio-economic indicators that reflect the reactions of the economy to decisions made by regional authorities. Analysis. The study showed that regardless of the strength of the impact of the corona crisis and the extent of the damage caused, the content of the policy of the regional authorities can be characterized as "following the center", which is largely due to the desire to avoid responsibility for the consequences of decisions made. At the first stages of the development of the corona crisis, the goals of containing the spread of coronavirus and state support for the most affected sectors of the economy from the introduction of restrictive measures were the priority. Starting from the second and subsequent waves of the pandemic, the introduction of various measures related to the mass vaccination of the population has become a key area of regional policy. Results. The key problem of the implementation of regional policy measures is identified – inefficient information work of regional authorities, which led to information asymmetry with the increased influence of the media on the social moods of citizens. It is concluded that in order to increase the efficiency of regional policy implementation measures in order to increase the sustainability of regional development, it is important that the ongoing coordination interactions between the authorities at different levels of government have clear goals for restoring the regional economy, and restorative measures should be prioritized with the supply maintenance policy.

Introduction. The study is devoted to the results of the implementation of regional projects by the federal entities of the Southern Federal District in 2019 within the reference points of competitiveness, sustainability, security, balance. Its peculiarity consists in the analysis of the interrelations between the achieved state of competitiveness, sustainability, security, balance, the level of socio-economic development in a particular region, the quality of the implementation of regional projects in the context of the specifics of the regional management system, the existing relations between authorities, economic entities, civil society institutions. At the same time, along with the quality of life, it is important to achieve political stability and security. Methodology and methods. The research methodology is based on the systemic paradigm of the relationship between the instruments of state regulation of regional development and the results of regional development within the reference points of competitiveness, sustainability, security, balance of regions, for which a database on the regional implementation of national projects was formed. In order to obtain quantitative characteristics, an integral scoring method of ranking with a correlation and regression analysis was applied. Analysis. The research showed that the higher the indicators of competitiveness, sustainability, security, balance, the better the quality of regional projects' implementation. In turn, the reference points: competitiveness, sustainability, security, balance are higher in the regions with high values of gross regional product in general and per capita, as well as these federal entities have higher values of the achieved standard of living. Results. The correlation between efficiency level of territorial economic systems, assessed on the basis of indicators of competitiveness, sustainability, security, balance and the quality of the results of national projects' implementation was studied, which made it possible to determine that the higher the level of regional development, the better national projects are realized. The idea is justified that the existing form of regional projects' implementation becomes a factor not smoothing, but strengthening the territorial differentiation, since regions with a better level of development and large gross regional product values due to regional projects receive an additional stimulus for further changes. The conclusion about the limited character of the approach that connects the issues of territories mainly with the lack of financial resources is made. Significant role of the institutional factor of regional development, especially risk-oriented management, in the implementation of national projects is shown.

The authors of the study consider content analysis as a methodological approach in the study of development strategies of the federation subjects and identification of facts of integration in the conditions of transformation of the geo-regional situation and intensive changes that create a new reality for achieving the planned goals of socio-economic development of the Russian Federation territories, more complex and specific than before. To counter these changes, a new perspective on the practice of strategic management is needed. The compara-tive assessment of the development strategies of the territories of the largest agglomerations of the Russian Federation allows developing an effective system of methods for making managerial decisions in the field of strategic management. The study conducted by the authors updated the views on the strategic management of the ongoing integration in the regions of Russia by conducting a detailed content analysis of the statements of the regional elite. The results of the study revealed the effects of regional integration as well as the main trends and causal relationships. In addition, the authors propose a number of measures for managing the integration and planning processes in the current strategies of socio-economic development of sub-regional entities.

Studying the features of the formation and development of the national FoodNet market in the context of feder-al districts in the context of digital transformation is of particular interest in light of the high differentiation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and the growing digital divide between them. The aim of the arti-cle is to reveal conceptual-theoretical and applied aspects of the formation and development of the national FoodNet market in the context of digital transformation. In order to coordinate the spatial management of the national FoodNet market and clarify the understanding of agricultural integration and digital development, the authors of the article developed a model for constructing an interconnected model for coordinating the pro-cesses of digitalization of agriculture in the regions of the Russian Federation. The fundamental mechanisms of the digital economy and their spatial impact on the high-quality growth of the national FoodNet market are considered, and the indices of agricultural production and digital economy are evaluated. The empirical study was conducted using data from each federal district from 2010 to 2022 as the initial sample. The data obtained indicate that until 2015, in all federal districts, the degree of coordination of the development of agricultural sec-tors and the digital economy was less than 0.2. The digital adoption rate showed a moderate growth trend from 2016 to 2020, increasing by 583,33 % from 2010 to 2022, indicating that as the digital economy expands, the agricultural services sector is also developing in a qualitative manner. The authors proposed a number of measures to manage the processes of transformation of national agriculture to solve the problems of food se-curity in the constituent entities of the federal districts of the Russian Federation.